氧化铝包覆锂离子电池正极材料的研究进展

doi:10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2022-0098

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

锂离子电池正极材料的性能是锂电池技术发展的瓶颈。近年来，为了提高锂离子电池正极材料的循环寿命、热稳定性和倍率性能等，三氧化二铝涂覆正极材料已经被广泛研究。所讨论的三氧化二铝涂层分为粗糙涂层、超薄涂层和厚涂层。简要论述了三氧化二铝表面涂层改善正极材料的作用，如氟化氢清除剂、物理保护屏障、提高锂离子扩散速率、提升正极材料的热稳定性能、与六氟磷酸锂（LiPF₆）反应生成二氟磷酸锂（LiPO₂F₂）和抑制Jahn-Teller效应等。介绍表面改性的方法，包括浸渍法、沉淀法、干法包覆、溅射法和原子层沉积法等，以及其对锂离子电池正极材料钴酸锂（LiCoO₂）、锰酸锂（LiMn₂O₄）、磷酸铁锂（LiFePO₄）及三元材料（Li-Ni-Co-Mn-O）的影响。最后，展望了三氧化二铝表面包覆和原子层沉积技术的发展前景。

关键词: 氧化铝, 表面包覆, 正极材料, 锂离子电池

Abstract:

The performance of lithium-ion battery cathode materials is the development bottleneck of lithium battery technology.Recently，alumina（Al₂O₃） coated cathode materials have been widely studied in order to improve the cycle life，thermal stability and multiplier properties of lithium-ion batteries.The Al₂O₃ coatings were divided into three different forms of namely rough，ultra-thin and thick coatings.The role of Al₂O₃ surface coatings in improving cathode material performance was briefly discussed，such as HF scavenger，physical protective barrier，increasing lithium ion diffusion rate，improving thermal stability of cathode material，reacting with LiPF₆ to form electrolyte additive LiPO₂F₂ and inhibiting Jahn-Teller effect，etc.The surface modification methods were introduced，including impregnation method，precipitation method，dry coating process，sputtering method and atomic layer deposition method，etc.and its influence on the cathode materials of lithium cobaltite（LiCoO₂），lithium manganite（LiMn₂O₄），lithium iron phosphate（LiFePO₄） and ternary material（Li-Ni-Co-Mn-O）.At last，the development trend of Al₂O₃ surface coating and atomic layer deposition technology was prospected.

Key words: alumina, surface coating, cathode material, lithium-ion battery

中图分类号:

TQ131.11

徐前进,徐金钢,田朋,刘坤吉,高婷婷,宁桂玲. 氧化铝包覆锂离子电池正极材料的研究进展[J]. 无机盐工业, 2023, 55(1): 46-55.

XU Qianjin,XU Jingang,TIAN Peng,LIU Kunji,GAO Tingting,NING Guiling. Research progress of alumina coated cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2023, 55(1): 46-55.

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