The recent research on modified lithium iron phosphate（LiFePO₄） materials as lithium-ion electronic cathode materials was reviewed.Although LiFePO₄ were considered to be the most promising cathode materials for lithium-ion power batteries due to their good stability，high safety and environmental friendliness，their inherent low electronic conductivity and lithium-ion diffusion coefficient deteriorated their electrochemical performance.The study on modification to improve their electrochemical performance was reviewed in this paper.The effects of four modification strategies including elemental doping，surface carbon coating，particle nanosizing and materials compositing on the electrochemical performance of LiFePO₄ were analyzed.Then，the advantages and disadvantages of these four modification strategies were discussed.The analysis showed that the four modification strategies could effectively improve the Li-ion diffusion kinetics and electronic conductivity，but the surface carbon coating and particle nanosizing would conversely reduce the tap density of the materials，resulting in low energy density.Finally，the research direction to solve the existing problems was proposed that it would be a feasible method to develop a modification strategy with coexistence of battery and capacitive properties.

The lithium brine is an important raw material for lithium battery and energy storage materials，and also the strategic resources of the country.Demand for lithium has prompted researchers to expand lithium extraction from conventional salt lake brines to unconventional sources such as oilfield brines and geothermal brines.At present，the lithium extraction technology of conventional brines has been successfully applied in industrialization worldwide，while the lithium extraction technology of unconventional brines is still in the stage of industrialization development，and a large number of lithium resources in brines have not been developed and utilized.Based on the information of lithium resource distribution and composition in unconventional brines，the research status of direct lithium extraction technology in unconventional oilfield brines and geothermal brines was analyzed，and the main lithium extraction technologies，such as precipitation，membrane separation，solvent extraction and adsorption were systematically studied.In addition，the industrialization status of lithium extraction technology of unconventional brines at home and abroad was summarized，and the future lithium extraction technology of unconventional brines was prospected，which was expected to provide reference for the green and efficient development of lithium resources of geothermal brines and oilfield brines.

Fe₂P is a common by-product during the generation of lithium iron phosphate（LiFePO₄，LFP），and its effect on the electrochemical performance of LFP has not been thoroughly studied so far.The effect of adding different proportions of Fe₂P into LFP by ball milling method on the electrochemical performance of LFP cathode materials was explored.The results showed that after doping Fe₂P，the crystal structure of LFP material remained unchanged，the particle morphology was highly organized，and the distribution of major elements was uniform.Additionally，the ion and electron conductivity of LFP material were improved to varying degrees.Especially，when the Fe₂P doping amount was 0.5%（mass fraction），the first discharge specific capacity reached 158.2 mA·h/g and 148.5 mA·h/g at 0.1C and 0.5C magnification，which were 8.90% and 7.2% higher than pure LFP，respectively.The difference in redox peak potential in CV curve（ΔE） was only 0.264 V，indicating that the introduction of Fe₂P was beneficial for improving the polarization of LFP materials，and the high overlap of the first three CV curves indicated that the material had a high degree of reversibility.The charge transfer resistance（R_ct） was only 41.56 Ω，which was 76.49% lower than pure LFP.The diffusion coefficient of lithium ions was 8.20×10^-9 cm²/s，which was 89.4% higher than pure LFP.At the same time，the improvement on rate capability and cycling performance was significant.

Zinc oxide nanoparticles are a kind of novel inorganic functional materials，which are widely used in various fields such as rubber，coating，and catalysis.The liquid-phase synthesis techniques for zinc oxide nanoparticles have the advantages of easy control of particle size and morphology，low economic cost and feasibility for industrial-scale production.A comprehensive review was conducted on liquid-phase methods for the synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles，including microemulsion，sol-gel，hydrothermal/solvothermal，and chemical precipitation methods.The basic principles and key influencing factors of each method were elucidated.The crucial role of process intensification techniques in the preparation of zinc oxide nanoparticles were emphasized.Furthermore，a novel approach of “bubble-liquid film method” was introduced.This method involved the rapid mixing of surfactants with the reaction solution and air to create a nanoscale reaction environment with high bubble density.The nucleated crystals grew within a liquid film of 10 to 100 nm between bubbles.By controlling the thickness of the liquid film between bubbles，the particle size of the product could be regulated，leading to uniform and non-agglomerated nanoparticles.This approach was expected to achieve low-cost，continuous，and large-scale production of zinc oxide nanoparticles.

China is rich in phosphorus ore resources，but most of them are medium and low⁃grade phosphorus ore，which need to be beneficiated to be used in chemical production.Phosphorus tailings are solid wastes with low phosphorus content produced by beneficiation of phosphorus ore，which can be regarded as low⁃grade phosphorus tailings，mainly composed of calcium oxide，magnesium oxide，phosphorus pentoxide，silica，and have great potential for comprehensive utilization.In this paper，in view of the structure，composition，and physicochemical properties of phosphorus tailings，the current situation and research progress of the comprehensive utilization of phosphorus tailings were reviewed.The utilization of phosphorus tailings in the filling of the mine，leaching of calcium and magnesium and other valuable elements，re⁃election and recovery of phosphorus elements，agricultural applications，building applications，environmental protection applications and other aspects was elaborated in detail.The problems faced in the comprehensive utilization of phosphorus tailings were analyzed and prospects for its development were outlooked.It was pointed out that the development of a new environmentally friendly and efficient comprehensive utilization process of phosphorus tailings was the development direction of phosphorus tailings utilization，which was the common need of phosphorus chemical enterprises and society and it was in line with the basic national policy of green and efficient utilization of resources and sustainable development.

Propylene is an important industrial raw material mainly used in the production of polypropylene，acrylonitrile，isopropyl alcohol，acetone and propylene oxide.With the increasing demand for propylene，the technology of propane dehydrogenation has been widely used in the industrial production of propylene.Although platinum-based and chromium-based catalysts have high activity in propane dehydrogenation，they are also prone to poisoning and deactivation.Metal oxides have attracted widespread attention as alternative non-precious metal catalysts.Firstly，the reaction pathway and deactivation mechanism of propane dehydrogenation catalyzed by metal oxides were introduced.It was pointed out that enhancing the C—H activation ability，alleviating the reconstruction and reduction of active components were the key to improving the propane dehydrogenation performance of metal oxide catalysts.Then，several representative metal oxide catalysts were reviewed in detail，the mechanism of action and active species of various catalysts were summarized，and the existing problems of corresponding catalysts were analyzed and discussed.Finally，key research directions for future propane dehydrogenation catalysts were proposed，which was expected to provide new ideas for the direct production of chemicals through the activation of low-carbon alkanes.

Bimetallic-organic frameworks materials（BMOFs） have been widely studied in many fields of catalysis，biosensing，energy storage due to their large specific surface areas，high porosities，synergistic effects，controllable components and morphologies，and easily design and synthesis，etc.The preparation of BMOFs with several common methods were reviewed.Their designed and controllable morphologies were introduced.The stability of the composition and morphology before and after modification was discussed.The application performance and advantages of BMOFs in the fields of catalysis，sensing and energy storage were briefly described.The results showed that the large specific surface areas，the synergistic effects of bimetals，the controllable multi-components and morphologies of BMOFs were favor to the improvement of porosities，active sites，electron transfer rates and properties.And the challenges and problems were analyzed，such as low electrical conductivity，synthesis method，and insufficient maturity in precise design and regulation.Finally，the prospects based upon the above shortcomings of BMOF were proposed.

Layered transition metal oxides are considered as one of the most promising cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries（SIBs） due to their high theoretical capacity and ease of synthesis，which have attracted widespread attention.The purpose of this article is to review the research progress on layered transition metal oxides as cathode materials for SIBs.Firstly，a brief overview of the structural characteristics and existing issues of layered transition metal oxide cathode materials was provided.The Na⁺ coordination configurations and diffusion paths in terms of P2 and O3-type layered transition metal oxide cathode materials were also introduced.In addition，considering the issues of irreversible phase transition during charge/discharge process，high air sensitivity，and insufficient electrochemical performance，the recent research results of P2 and O3-type layered transition metal oxides were summarized based on three types of modification methods：component regulation，structural design，and surface coating.Finally，the future industrial development and potential research directions of layered transition metal oxide cathode materials for SIBs were prospected.

With the rapid expansion of industries such as the electric vehicle industry，the demand for lithium raw materials has increased dramatically.Ore lithium resources are on the verge of exhaustion，while salt lake brine has rich lithium resources with low mining difficulty，which has quickly become a hot spot in lithium salt production and research.The distribution，water quality characteristics，and application of lithium extraction methods in salt lake brine resources in the world were summarized.The research progress of lithium extraction from salt lake brine by precipitation ， extraction ， adsorption ， membrane separation ， and electrochemistry was discussed from the aspects of reaction mechanism ， influencing factors ， and application effect . Among the existing technologies ，the membrane separation method and electrochemical method had the advantages of good separation effect and low energy consumption，thus showing broad application prospects.However，both the precipitation method and the extraction method had the problems of large dosages of chemicals and serious environmental pollution，while the adsorption method had shortcomings such as a slow adsorption process and easy dissolution of adsorbent ，thus resulting in great limitations in industry application.Finally，the development trend of lithium resources in salt lakes was prospected and suggestions for the subsequent optimization of the lithium extraction process were put forward.

In recent years，due to the massive burning of fossil fuels，CO₂ emissions have increased dramatically，which has caused a series of ecological problems.Therefore，it is urgent to study more effective carbon dioxide capture technologies and more efficient carbon dioxide absorbents.After considering the three carbon dioxide capture process technologies of pre-combustion capture，post-combustion capture and oxygen-enriched combustion，scholars find that the post-combustion capture process technology is the most suitable for industrial applications.As an efficient，energy-saving and relatively mature emerging technology for CO₂ capture after combustion，chemical absorption is one of the most widely used and potential capture technologies in power plants.Firstly，the research status of carbon capture technology was introduced，and then four kinds of chemical absorbents that were paid close attention to in the current carbon capture technology were emphatically described，including organic amine solution absorbents，ionic liquid absorbents，ammonia aqueous solution absorbents and new phase change absorbents.The capture principle，research status，advantages and disadvantages of these four absorbents，and the direction of improvement were discussed separately.

Potassium resources are scarce in China and the supply of potash fertilizer concerns the security of agricultural food.An important and largest production base of potassium chloride has been built in Qinghai，China.How to develop and utilize potassium resources sustainably is crucial to ensure the security of the national potash fertilizer supply.The salt lake potassium resources status in Qinghai was listed，the chloride type of salt lake potassium resources research advances of Qinghai in exploration and exploitation in recent years were introduced，and technological improvement of three kinds of the main flowsheet were summarized，including cold decomposition-direct flotation，cold crystallization-direct flotation，and reverse flotation-cold crystallization.Moreover，the key technology development tendency of salt lake potassium resources future guaranteeing supply of Qinghai was prospected，which included the deep exploration of potassium resources，efficient utilization of potassium resources，and effective exploitation of middle-western magnesium sulfate subtype salt lakes potassium resources and efficient exploitation technology of poor mixed potassium ore resources，etc.

The production and lifestyle of human society have resulted in severe water pollution，with organic pollutants，bacteria，and heavy metal ions causing significant harm to the ecological environment and human health，which has become one of the most pressing issues to be addressed by humanity.In recent years，molybdenum-based catalysts have garnered widespread attention in the field of water pollution control due to their unique electronic properties and morphological characteristics.The application progress of different molybdenum-based catalytic materials in the field of water pollution control was reviewed.The research progress of different molybdenum-based catalysts for the removal of organic pollutants from water，disinfection and removal of heavy metal ions by means of photocatalytic，Fenton-like and adsorption techniques was summarized.The challenges associated with the current molybdenum-based materials in water pollution control technology were also discussed.Additionally，the modification methods to improve the adsorption and catalytic performance of molybdenum-based catalysts were also discussed，which provided a feasible research direction for the design of highly efficient and stable molybdenum-based catalysts in the future.

The rapid development of the new energy industry drives the rapid growth of the lithium battery industry.As the power battery type with the highest market share，lithium-ion batteries have been widely used in various industries，However，with the decline of battery performance，they will face a huge problem of recycling and processing waste batteries within the foreseeable recycling cycle.The common types and structures of lithium ion batteries were briefly described，and different recycling methods for waste lithium-ion batteries were introduced.According to the relevant research status at home and abroad，the pretreatment process of waste lithium-ion batteries and the recovery and treatment technology of electrolytes were elaborated，the research progress of pretreatment and electrolyte recovery treatment technology was summarized，the applicability and characteristics of different methods were discussed，and the prospects and development directions of the waste lithium-ion battery recovery industry were provided.

The environmental problems caused by long-term storage of phosphogypsum are becoming increasingly prominent，and the harmless treatment and comprehensive utilization of phosphogypsum are urgent.The research progress of phosphogypsum in the fields of preparing industrial gypsum and building materials，cement retarders，preparing sulfuric acid co production cement，roadbed materials，filling materials，and soil amendments was summarized，the main research directions of phosphogypsum was introduced，the relationship between comprehensive utilization research and industrialization of phosphogypsum was analyzed.It was pointed out that the core contradiction between phosphogypsum research and industrialization was depended on the low value of phosphogypsum itself and the high cost of industrial treatment，which was unable to be promoted，and various solutions were proposed to address the above issues.It was pointed out that the future development of phosphogypsum would require government policy support and maintain a balance between the demand for phosphogypsum market and the addition of new devices.In terms of the utilization of phosphogypsum，harmless disposal was the foundation，roadbed materials were the main way to absorb phosphogypsum，and soil remediation and ecological restoration were new directions for phosphogypsum utilization.

Lithium sulfur batteries（LSBs） have attracted considerable attention as promising next-generation energy storage devices due to their high theoritical energy density.Although the electrochemical performance of LSBs has been significantly enhanced over the past decade，most of their test condition is based on excessive electrolyte usage.High electrolyte usage not only increases the manufacturing cost of batteries but also reduces their actual energy density，Which is detrimental to commercial applications of LSBs.Therefore，it is especially critical to develop LSBs that combine low electrolyte usage with excellent electrochemical performance.The challenges faced by LSBs under lean electrolyte conditions were outlined and the approaches based on sulfur electrode design to reduce electrolyte usage were discussed in detail：1）optimizing electrode porosity and ion conduction to shorten the transport path of lithium ions and enhance their conductivity；2）introducing meta-based or nonmetallic-based catalysis to enhance the reaction kinetics of active materials under lean electrolyte conditions；3）developing novel active materials to avoid the degradation of battery performance caused by the large amount of lithium polysulfides dissolved in the electrolyte under lean electrolyte conditions.Finally，the perspectives on further optimizing the design of sulfur cathode to develop high-energy-density LSBs with lean electrolyte were proposed.

The silver method and ferro-molybdenum method for producing formaldehyde by air oxidation of methanol were summarized and compared.Silver method was employed as the main technology of formaldehyde production in China for its maturity.Ferro-molybdenum method was more suitable for the planning and development of formaldehyde industry for its low methanol consumption，high formaldehyde yield，long catalyst life and good economic benefit.Nevertheless，domestic technology of ferro-molybdenum method was not mature.The research progresses of silver，ferro-molybdenum and vanadium catalysts were reviewed.Silver catalyst was difficult to be improved greatly.Ferro-molybdenum was researched as a hotspot，and vanadium catalyst was still far away from industrial application.Further study on reaction mechanism for performance improvement of ferro-molybdenum catalyst was proposed as an important subject of methanol oxidation to formaldehyde.The development of ferro-molybdenum catalyst which was more compatible with the existing silver method process was suggested as the main research direction of formaldehyde production technology in the future.

In order to enhance microscopic mixing and mass transfer and to increase the Mg（OH）₂ carbonation rate，hydrodynamic cavitation technology was employed to intensify the carbonation reaction of Mg（OH）₂ and CO₂ to produce the intermediate product Mg（HCO₃）₂，which was then pyrolyzed to produce basic magnesium carbonate［4MgCO₃·Mg（OH）₂·4H₂O］.An orthogonal experimental design was used to investigate the factors influencing the carbonation rate of Mg（OH）₂.The resulting products were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy，X-ray diffractometer，and a multi-parameter testing instrument.The results showed that the important order of factors affecting the Mg（OH）₂ carbonation rate was incident angle α>CO₂ flow rate q>Mg（OH）₂ solid content s>inlet pressure p>throat diameter d₀>carbonation time t.Under the process conditions of α=60°，d₀=4 mm，p=0.35 MPa，t=60 min，s=1.6%，and q=17 L/min，the carbonation rate reached 92.1%.It was a 31.57% improvement over the carbonation rate（60.53%） of a bubble⁃stirred reactor.The content of impurities such as CaO and Fe in the product 4MgCO₃·Mg（OH）₂·4H₂O was reduced，and the produced 4MgCO₃·Mg（OH）₂·4H₂O had a uniform flake structure with a crystal thickness of less than 50 nm.The product had good crystallization and relatively stable and single composition.Each diffraction peak position of the obtained product was completely consistent with the diffraction peak position of basic magnesium carbonate in the standard hexagonal crystal form.

The water wettability and dispersibility of titanium dioxide is very important for the inorganic coating and application performance.Based on the different surface properties of titanium dioxide prepared by sulfuric acid method and chlorination method，the dispersion difference of titanium dioxide was studied in this paper.The slurry viscosity，particle size distribution and zeta potential of the two kinds of titanium dioxide were compared and analyzed.The morphology and structural properties of the different products were characterized by SEM，FT-IR，XPS，TG and surface contact angle measurement.The results showed that at the same concentration，the same pH，the same dispersant and its dosage，the viscosity of the titanium dioxide by sulfuric acid method was lower than that of the chlorination method after beating，and the absolute value of zeta potential was higher.XPS，TG and surface energy showed that the titanium dioxide by sulfuric acid method had more surface hydroxyl groups and surface energy，which was easier to be wetted and dispersed by water，and had better dispersion performance.In addition，when the dosage of dispersant A was 0.2% and the concentration of TiO₂ was 700 g/L，the viscosity of the sulfuric acid method initial slurry was 138 mPa·s with a Zeta potential of -62 mV，and the viscosity of the chloride method initial slurry was 4 927 mPa·s，with a Zeta potential of -28.4 mV.The results showed that the slurry viscosity of the sulfuric acid method was lower，the dispersion was better，and the water wetting dispersion was better.The structure-activity relationship between surface structure and water dispersity was established by analyzing the surface structure of titanium dioxide with different processes，which provided reference and ideas for the development of high-end titanium dioxide.

More than 90% of coal-fired power plants use limestone-gypsum wet desulfurization process for flue gas desulfurization，and need to discharge part of the wastewater from the flue gas desulfurization system periodically to ensure the desulfurization effect.As the end wastewater of coal-fired power plants，desulfurization wastewater has the characteristics of large volume，poor quality and complex composition，and its direct discharge is extremely harmful to the environment.While the zero liquid discharge process of desulfurization wastewater can achieve the best removal effect of impurities and hardness ions in water and maximize the utilization of water resources and recycling of by-products in a graded manner，so it is necessary to treat desulfurization wastewater with zero liquid discharge.The pretreatment process is the basis of the zero liquid discharge desulfurization wastewater process，and its treatment effect has a great influence on the subsequent process.In the background of clean production and pollution reduction，this paper was started from the theory of zero liquid discharge pretreatment process for desulfurization wastewater，after comparing domestic and foreign zero liquid discharge processes and conducting research on a coal-fired power plant in Shanxi，it was found that the existing pretreatment process generally had problems such as high dosage of chemicals and high cost.Therefore，it was necessary to find an economically feasible pretreatment raw material to replace the calcium oxide in the current dual alkali process or to optimize its addition to achieve low-cost resource utilization.

The effects of initial digestion water temperature，stirring speed，water-ash mass ratio and pressurized digestion on the morphological structure，particle size and specific surface area of the reaction product calcium hydroxide were investigated by using industrial grade quicklime as raw materials，and the product calcium hydroxide was characterized by Malvern laser particle size distribution instrument，scanning electron microscope（SEM） and specific surface area analyzer.The results showed that the digestion rate was accelerated with the increase of the initial temperature of water，and when the stirring speed was 500 r/min，the initial temperature of water was 45~80 ℃，and the mass ratio of water to ash was 4∶1，the produced calcium hydroxide had the narrowest particle size distribution and the maximum specific surface area was 18.23 m²/g.When the initial temperature of digested water was 25~45 ℃，the morphology of the product calcium hydroxide showed a "dendritic" shape，and when the initial temperature of the digestion water was 65~80 ℃，the shape of product calcium hydroxide grew into “granular”.The pressurized digestion method could obtain a large specific surface area of calcium hydroxide and its shape was “petal-like”，and the maximum specific surface area was 29.32 m²/g.