微结构调控催化剂用于尿素氧化反应的研究进展

doi:10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2024-0111

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

尿素氧化反应（UOR）是一项备受关注的可持续清洁能源技术，有望成为治理含尿素废水并转化为能源的有效工艺。相较于高能耗的析氧反应（OER），UOR的热力学电位较低，具有替代OER的潜力。尿素作为稳定的多功能物质，尤其在环境温度下表现出良好稳定性，被认为是燃料电池中氢的潜在替代品。然而，UOR涉及复杂的中间吸附/解吸过程，需要高效的催化剂。通过形态工程、合金效应、原子掺杂等微结构调控改性催化剂可实现催化剂优异的UOR性能。虽然已有许多关于微结构调控催化剂的研究和综述，该综述旨在系统地概述微结构调控催化剂的前沿设计策略及其在电催化中的应用，并探讨不同策略如何优化催化剂的结构与功能，进而提升其在UOR中的性能。

关键词: 尿素氧化反应, 析氧反应, 电催化, 直接尿素燃料电池

Abstract:

Urea oxidation reaction（UOR） is a widely recognized sustainable clean energy technology，which is expected to become an effective process for treating urea-containing wastewater and converting it into energy.Compared to the high-energy-consuming oxygen evolution reaction（OER），UOR exhibits a lower thermodynamic potential，suggesting its potential as an alternative to OER.Urea，as a stable multifunctional substance，especially exhibits good stability at ambient temperature and is considered a potential alternative to hydrogen in fuel cells.However，UOR involves complex intermediate adsorption/desorption processes，necessitating efficient catalysts.Through morphological engineering，alloy effects，and atomic doping，microstructure-controlled modified catalysts can achieve exceptional UOR performance.Although there is an abundance of research and reviews on microstructure-controlled catalysts，this review is aimed to systematically summarize the cutting-edge design strategies of microstructure-controlled catalysts and their applications in electrocatalysis，exploring how to optimize the structure and function of catalysts by different strategies，thereby enhancing their performance in UOR.

Key words: urea oxidation reaction, oxygen evolution reaction, electrocatalysis, direct urea fuel cell

中图分类号:

O643.3

罗成玲, 范小凡. 微结构调控催化剂用于尿素氧化反应的研究进展[J]. 无机盐工业, 2025, 57(2): 26-35.

LUO Chengling, FAN Xiaofan. Research progress of microstructure-regulated catalysts for urea oxidation reactions[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2025, 57(2): 26-35.

图/表 6

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