无机盐工业 ›› 2022, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (9): 28-38.doi: 10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2021-0568
张晓亚1,2(),李佳丽1,2,冯丽娟1,2(
),王济1,2
收稿日期:
2021-11-02
出版日期:
2022-09-10
发布日期:
2022-09-22
作者简介:
张晓亚(1995— ),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为固体废弃物资源化利用;E-mail:基金资助:
ZHANG Xiaoya1,2(),LI Jiali1,2,FENG Lijuan1,2(
),WANG Ji1,2
Received:
2021-11-02
Published:
2022-09-10
Online:
2022-09-22
摘要:
城市污泥是污水处理的副产物,其产生量随着污水处理量及处理率的增大而增大。但是,目前污泥处理处置的规模及水平难以与污水处理水平相匹配。污泥处理主要以无害化为主,资源化利用程度不足。对比了城市污泥与陶粒原料的成分,对城市污泥制备陶粒进行了可行性分析;介绍和分析了制备城市污泥陶粒的基本流程及条件,对城市污泥制陶粒的研究现状和应用进行了相关讨论;对改性陶粒的研究进行了综合评述和展望。结果表明:由于污泥含有大量的有机物,同时含有硅、铝等无机成分,各成分比例适宜,则可在高温下将其制备成陶粒,作为轻质骨料、栽培基质或水处理滤料等进行后续利用;由于污泥陶粒具有一定的吸附能力,可对陶粒进行改性,从而强化其吸附性能;从原料配置、制备条件和功能改性3个方面对污泥陶粒的强度及其对特定污染物的吸附进行有针对性的优化,是污泥陶粒未来的研究方向。
中图分类号:
张晓亚,李佳丽,冯丽娟,王济. 城市污泥陶粒制备技术与应用研究进展[J]. 无机盐工业, 2022, 54(9): 28-38.
ZHANG Xiaoya,LI Jiali,FENG Lijuan,WANG Ji. Research progress on preparation technology and application of municipal sludge ceramsite[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2022, 54(9): 28-38.
表1
城市污泥主要化学成分
污泥 来源 | 主要化学成分质量分数/% | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SiO2 | Al2O3 | Fe2O3 | CaO | MgO | Na2O | K2O | |
江苏省[ | 29.37 | 10.90 | 11.30 | 3.10 | 2.17 | 3.10 | 4.01 |
30.64 | 4.27 | 3.12 | 15.78 | 0.58 | — | 0.92 | |
44.23 | 14.41 | 10.26 | 8.04 | — | 0.89 | 3.34 | |
上海市[ | 12.61 | 7.61 | 5.07 | 7.85 | 1.89 | 0.77 | 0.40 |
25.50 | 9.83 | 10.35 | 0.90 | 0.68 | 0.38 | 0.82 | |
天津市[ | 29.10 | 15.20 | 16.40 | 11.50 | 3.60 | 2.30 | 1.80 |
16.00 | 5.40 | 2.10 | 5.10 | 1.80 | 0.80 | 0.70 | |
湖北省[ | 23.59 | 7.87 | — | 4.82 | 1.79 | 0.12 | 1.71 |
29.80 | 25.60 | 11.70 | 7.80 | 2.60 | 1.70 | 2.10 | |
浙江省[ | 45.32 | 13.67 | 4.77 | 3.09 | 2.28 | 1.16 | 2.36 |
72.32 | 17.89 | 4.48 | 2.42 | 0.46 | 1.84 | 2.03 | |
福建省[ | 40.84 | 18.24 | 4.80 | 0.90 | 0.56 | 2.15 | 1.96 |
河南省[ | 31.19 | 11.83 | 6.65 | 6.39 | 5.01 | 1.01 | 1.87 |
河北省[ | 18.43 | 4.62 | 1.40 | 2.12 | 11.81 | 0.48 | 0.51 |
四川省[ | 30.95 | 18.76 | 8.15 | 8.05 | 4.71 | 0.83 | 4.22 |
陕西省[ | 27.30 | 33.10 | 4.95 | 2.42 | 1.21 | 0.58 | 1.41 |
均值 | 32.89 | 15.17 | 7.48 | 6.16 | 2.74 | 1.21 | 1.95 |
标准差 | 12.86 | 7.54 | 4.01 | 4.34 | 2.53 | 0.72 | 1.08 |
表2
污泥陶粒的制备条件及基本性质
配比 | 干燥温 度/℃ | 干燥时 间/h | 预热温 度/℃ | 预热时 间/min | 烧结温 度/℃ | 烧结时 间/min | 表观密度/ (kg·m-3) | 吸水 率/% | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
辅料1 | 添加比1 | 辅料2 | 添加比2 | ||||||||
粉煤灰[ | 1.50 | 黏土 | 0.50 | 105 | 1~24 | 300~480 | 10~20 | 1 050~1 130 | 6~20 | 365.50~660.68 | 14.00~68.95 |
0.60 | 底泥 | 0.40 | |||||||||
0.29 | 黏土 | 0.43 | |||||||||
1.00 | 淤泥 | 0.60 | |||||||||
黏土[ | 0.50 | 粉煤灰 | 1.50 | 95~105 | 1~2 | 300~600 | 10~30 | 1 000~1 200 | 8~30 | 300.8~635.0 | 7.90~14.30 |
4.00 | 钢渣 | 0.15 | |||||||||
0.21 | 煤矸石 | 0.15 | |||||||||
2.50 | 粉煤灰 | 2.50 | |||||||||
页岩[ | 4.00 | 煤灰 | 0.10 | 100~110 | 1~24 | 300~500 | 10~30 | 1 120~1 180 | 8~15 | 260~560 | 4.00~6.33 |
4.00 | 淤泥 | 5.00 | |||||||||
3.33 | — | — | |||||||||
2.33 | — | — | |||||||||
底泥[ | 3.71 | 黏土 | 1.00 | 25或 105~120 | 24或 1~5 | 350~400 | 20~30 | 1 025~1 225 | 5~25 | 454.4~601.0 | 1.60~36.68 |
0.54 | — | — | |||||||||
0.20 | 粉煤灰 | 0.60 | |||||||||
1.67 | 粉煤灰 | 0.67 | |||||||||
玻璃粉[ | 0.33 | — | — | 105 | 5 | 600 | 30 | 1 100 | 10 | 558.00 | 9.70 |
煤矸石[ | 2.33 | — | — | 100 | 2 | 450 | 15 | 1 120 | 60 | — | 30.52 |
渣土[ | 4.00 | — | — | 105 | 4 | 400 | 20 | 1 170 | 10 | 996.00 | 0.12 |
污泥灰渣[ | 5.83 | 粉煤灰 | 1.50 | 105 | 24 | 480 | 15 | 1 060 | 15 | — | 30.02 |
磷石膏[ | 4.00 | — | — | 25 | 24 | — | — | 1 050 | 15 | 685.78 | 27.34 |
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