无机盐工业
主管:中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司
主办:中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司
   中海油炼油化工科学研究院(北京)有限公司
   中国化工学会无机酸碱盐专业委员会
ISSN 1006-4990 CN 12-1069/TQ

无机盐工业 ›› 2024, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (12): 13-28.doi: 10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2024-0067

• 高新技术用高纯无机原料 • 上一篇    下一篇

金属硼化物的制备及其在军工领域的基础应用研究进展

李峻西1,2(), 解志鹏1,2, 刘云峰3, 马龙1,2, 陈嘉乐1,2, 张达1,2(), 杨斌1,2, 梁风1,2()   

  1. 1.昆明理工大学真空冶金国家工程研究中心,云南 昆明 650093
    2.昆明理工大学冶金与能源工程学院,云南 昆明 650093
    3.陆军装备部驻重庆地区军事代表局,云南 曲靖 655000
  • 收稿日期:2024-02-01 出版日期:2024-12-10 发布日期:2024-04-22
  • 通讯作者: 张达(1989- ),男,讲师,主要从事等离子体冶金、材料制备与改性、新能源材料与器件等方面的研究;E-mail:zhangda@kust.edu.cn
    梁风(1984- ),男,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为高能量密度储能器件的基础科学问题、等离子体技术制备与改性纳米材料及其在储能上应用等方面的研究;E-mail:liangfeng@kust.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:李峻西(1998— ),男,博士研究生,研究方向为电弧等离子体制备过渡金属硼化物;E-mail:610163547@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(12175089);国家自然科学基金项目(12205127);云南省重点研发计划项目(202103AF140006);云南省基础研究计划项目(202001AW070004);云南省基础研究计划项目(202301AS070051);云南省基础研究计划项目(202301BE070001-052);云南省基础研究计划项目(202401AT070329);云南省“兴滇英才支持计划”产业创新人才项目(KKXY202252001);云南省“兴滇英才支持计划”青年人才项目(KKXX202452067)

Research progress of preparation of metal borides and their military applications

LI Junxi1,2(), XIE Zhipeng1,2, LIU Yunfeng3, MA Long1,2, CHEN Jiale1,2, ZHANG Da1,2(), YANG Bin1,2, LIANG Feng1,2()   

  1. 1.National Engineering Research Center of Vacuum Metallurgy,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China
    2.Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China
    3.The Military Representative Bureau in Chongqing of the Army Equipment Department,Qujing 655000,China
  • Received:2024-02-01 Published:2024-12-10 Online:2024-04-22

摘要:

金属硼化物因其具有优异的抗氧化性、高熔点、高硬度、高导热导电率和超导性等特性,在航空航天、超导和电磁波吸收领域有广阔的应用前景。然而,由于传统方法制备的金属硼化物存在颗粒尺寸大、产物纯度低、生产成本高和烧结性差等问题,导致其无法达到理想的应用性能。因此,针对以上问题概述了金属硼化物的结构、性质,详细介绍了金属硼化物不同制备方法的优缺点,综述了近几年国内外金属硼化物在超高温陶瓷、超导和高温吸波领域的研究进展,最后讨论了金属硼化物在超导领域中临界电流密度低、吸波领域中阻抗失配和超高温陶瓷领域中烧结性差、断裂韧性低的问题,并对其未来在粉末制备方法、陶瓷新型成材技术和机器模拟等方向进行了展望。

关键词: 金属硼化物, 结构和性质, 制备方法, 军工应用

Abstract:

Metal borides have excellent oxidation resistance,high melting point,high hardness,outstanding thermal and electrical conductivity,and superconductivity,whch exhibit vast potential applications in aerospace,superconduction,and electromagnetic wave absorption.However,the metal borides prepared by traditional methods face many problems,such as the large particle size,low product purity,high production cost,and poor sintering property,which leads to the unsatisfactory application performance.Therefore,the structure and properties of metal borides were summarized.The advantages and disadvantages of different preparation methods of metal borides were introduced in detail.The research progress of metal borides in the fields of ultra-high temperature ceramics,superconductivity and high temperature absorption in recent years was reviewed.Finally,the problems of low critical current density in the field of superconducting field,impedance mismatch in the field of electromagnetic wave absorption,poor sintering property and low fracture toughness in the field of ultra-high temperature ceramics were discussed,and the future development in the directions of preparation methods,new material formation technologies,and machine simulation was prospected.

Key words: metal borides, structures and properties, preparation methods, military applications

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