锂/钠离子电池过渡金属氟磷酸盐正极材料研究进展

doi:10.11962/1006-4990.2019-0602

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

便携式电子产品、电动汽车和储能领域的快速发展对电池能量密度的要求越来越高,正极材料是限制电池能量密度的主要因素。过渡金属氟磷酸盐（A₂MPO₄F,A=Li、Na,M=Mn、Fe、Co、Ni）是一类高比容量（~300 mA·h/g）和高能量密度（>1 000 W·h/kg）的新型正极材料。主要介绍了A₂MPO₄F的结构、合成方法与改性方面的最新进展。讨论了A₂MPO₄F所面临的主要挑战,特别是实现两电子反应所面临的困难。展望了它们的应用前景。

关键词: 锂离子电池, 钠离子电池, 正极材料, 过渡金属氟磷酸盐

Abstract:

With the rapid development of portable electronic products,electric vehicles and energy storage,the demand for high energy density batteries is more and more urgent.Cathode materials are the main limits for the energy-density of batteries.Transition metal fluoride phosphates（A₂MPO₄F;A=Li,Na;M=Mn,Fe,Co,Ni） is a type of competitive cathode materials with high-capacity（~300 mA·h/g） and high energy density（>1 000 W·h/kg）.The research progress related to the A₂MPO₄F cathode materials on the structures,synthesis methods and improving techniques for electrochemical performance were mainly introduced.The key challenges of A₂MPO₄F cathode materials faced,especially the difficulties in realizing the two electron reaction,were discussed.Finally,the future trends and perspectives for performance enhancement were prospected.

Key words: lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, cathode materials, transition metal fluoride phosphates

中图分类号:

TQ126.35

龙云飞,苏静,吕小艳,文衍宣. 锂/钠离子电池过渡金属氟磷酸盐正极材料研究进展[J]. 无机盐工业, 2020, 52(3): 28-34.

Long Yunfei,Su Jing,Lü Xiaoyan,Wen Yanxuan. Advances in transition metal fluoride phosphate cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries and sodium-ion batteries[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2020, 52(3): 28-34.

图/表 4

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A	M	A₂MPO₄F/AMPO₄F			AMPO₄F/MPO₄F			能量密度/（W· h·kg^-1）
A	M	电压/ V	ΔV/ %	Q/ （mA·h·g^-1）	电压/ V	ΔV/ %	Q/ （mA·h·g^-1）	能量密度/（W· h·kg^-1）
Li	Mn	4.1	-1.2	~147	4.9	5.6	~294	~1 325
	Fe	3.5	-0.7	~146	5.0	7.8	~292	~1 246
	Co	4.8	-0.1	~144	5.2	7.1	~288	~1 441
	Ni	5.0	3.0	~144	5.3	10.5	~288	~1 486
Na	Mn	3.7	8.0	~125	4.7	17.0	~250	~1 050

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