重金属污染土壤耦合多源固废制备陶粒研究进展及应用前景

doi:10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2025-0247

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

重金属污染土壤的资源化利用是土壤修复领域的关键环节，其中重金属污染土壤与多源固废耦合制备陶粒是实现以废治废的创新途径。系统总结以重金属污染土壤为主，耦合污泥、尾矿、飞灰及赤泥等固体废弃物制备陶粒的研究进展。重点解析重金属污染土壤耦合多源固废制备陶粒的技术原理、工艺流程、重金属固化机制及资源化优势，揭示陶粒制备过程中潜在污染风险，并提出相应的风险控制策略。该技术能通过高温烧结实现重金属的物理包裹和化学键合固定，同时赋予陶粒轻质高强、多孔吸附等特性，使其在建筑、水处理及园林等领域具有广阔应用前景；但当前该技术仍面临多源固废兼容性差、工艺能耗高及重金属二次释放风险等挑战。未来研究需进一步优化原料配伍、降低能耗，并完善风险评估体系，以推动该技术的标准化与规模化应用。

关键词: 重金属污染土壤, 多源固废, 陶粒, 风险控制, 资源化利用

Abstract:

Resource utilization of heavy metal-contaminated soil is a key link in the field of soil remediation，among which the preparation of ceramsite by coupling heavy metal-contaminated soil with multi-source solid waste is an innovative approach to achieve waste-to-treat-waste.The research progress on preparation of ceramsite using heavy metal-contaminated soil as the main raw material and coupling it with solid wastes such as sludge，tailings，fly ash and red mud was systematically summarized.It was focused on analyzing the technical principles，process route，heavy metal solidification mechanisms and resource utilization advantages of ceramsite preparation by coupling heavy metal-contaminated soil with multi-source solid waste，revealed the potential pollution risks during the ceramsite preparation process，and put forward corresponding risk control strategies.The technology could realize physical encapsulation and chemical bonding fixation of heavy metals through high-temperature sintering，and endow ceramsite with properties such as light weight，high strength and porous adsorption，thus enabling it to have broad application prospects in construction，water treatment，landscaping and other fields.However，current technologies still faced challenges such as poor compatibility of multi-source solid wastes，high process energy consumption and risks of heavy metal secondary release.Future research needs to further optimize raw material compatibility，reduce energy consumption，and improve the risk assessment system，so as to promote the standardized and large-scale application of this technology.

Key words: heavy metal contaminated soil, multi-source solid waste, ceramisite, risk control, resource utilization

中图分类号:

TQ174

喻娇, 宋树祥, 杨如柱, 李耀晃, 董淑玉, 赵之理, 林静宇, 曾武, 樊丽, 柯国鹏, 刘敬勇. 重金属污染土壤耦合多源固废制备陶粒研究进展及应用前景[J]. 无机盐工业, 2026, 58(2): 20-27.

YU Jiao, SONG Shuxiang, YANG Ruzhu, LI Yaohuang, DONG Shuyu, ZHAO Zhili, LIN Jingyu, ZENG Wu, FAN Li, KE Guopeng, LIU Jingyong. Research progress and application prospects of preparation of ceramsite by coupling heavy metal-contaminated soil with multi-source solid waste[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2026, 58(2): 20-27.

图/表 1

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