O3型镍铁锰酸钠正极材料改性研究进展

doi:10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2025-0171

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

O3型镍铁锰酸钠正极材料具有理论容量高、低温性能较好、安全性能可靠等优势，在大规模储能系统领域应用广泛。对O3型镍铁锰酸钠正极材料进行改性，已成为当前提升钠离子电池循环性能和快速充放电能力的关键技术手段。鉴于此，对近年来O3型镍铁锰酸钠正极材料改性策略进行总结，深入分析元素掺杂、表面包覆、高熵设计、混相设计等策略对正极材料的影响，探讨优化正极材料改性策略的方法路径。经分析发现，这些改性策略能有效解决不可逆相变和钠离子扩散速率低等问题，进而提升钠离子电池循环寿命和快速充放电性能。同时，指出当前改性策略存在材料成本较高、制备工艺复杂等局限性，并对高性能钠离子电池正极材料的开发进行展望。

关键词: 钠离子电池, 正极材料, O3型镍铁锰酸钠, 电化学性能, 改性策略

Abstract:

The O3-type sodium nickel-iron-manganese oxide cathode materials are widely applied in the field of large-scale energy storage systems due to high theoretical capacities，better low-temperature performance，safety performances and so on.The modification of O3-type sodium nickel-iron-manganese oxide cathode materials have been recognized as a key technical approach，by which the cycling performance and fast charging/discharging capabilities of sodium-ion batteries are effectively enhanced.Herein，recent advances in the modification strategies for O3-type cathode materials were systematically summarized，an in-depth analysis of the impacts of element doping，surface coating，high-entropy design，and multiphase design on the material performance was provided，and potential pathways for optimizing these modification approaches were discussed.Through analysis，these modification strategies were found to effectively address irreversible phase transition and low sodium-ion diffusion rate，thereby enhancing the cycling life and fast charging/discharging performance of sodium-ion batteries.Meanwhile，existing limitations，including the high cost of materials and complex synthesis processes，were highlighted in this paper，and perspectives on the future development of high-performance cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries were offered.

Key words: sodium-ion batteries, cathode materials, O3-type sodium nickel-iron-manganese oxide, electrochemical performance, modification strategies

中图分类号:

TQ131.12

徐源, 唐浩, 张一博, 赵亮, 王淼, 谈燕, 王甲泰, 康宇龙. O3型镍铁锰酸钠正极材料改性研究进展[J]. 无机盐工业, 2026, 58(2): 1-9.

XU Yuan, TANG Hao, ZHANG Yibo, ZHAO Liang, WANG Miao, TAN Yan, WANG Jiatai, KANG Yulong. Research advances in modification of O3-type sodium nickel-iron-manganese oxide cathode materials[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2026, 58(2): 1-9.

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原始材料	掺杂元素及作用	首次放电比容量/ （mA·h·g^-1）	容量保持率
NaNi_1/3Mn_1/3Fe_1/3O₂^［18］	Zr（扩大层间距）	1C，125.6	1C循环300次，77.7%
NaNi_1/3Mn_1/3Fe_1/3O₂^［19］	Zn（稳定晶体结构）	1C，116.3	1C循环100次，69.9%
NaNi_1/3Mn_1/3Fe_1/3O₂^［20］	Ta（增强结构稳定性）	0.1C，145	1C循环200次，80.15%
NaNi_1/3Mn_1/3Fe_1/3O₂^［21］	Sc（扩大层间距）	0.1C，156.1	5C循环500次，80.2%
NaNi_1/3Mn_1/3Fe_1/3O₂^［22］	Ca（扩大层间距）	1C，104.40	1C循环200次，87.65%
NaFe_0.4Ni_0.3Mn_0.3O₂^［23］	Y（提高循环稳定性）	1C，118.7	1C循环100次，91%
NaNi_1/3Mn_1/3Fe_1/3O₂^［30］	La、Al（La增大层间距；Al减少Jahn-Teller效应）	0.1C，170.42	0.2C循环300次，60.81%
Na_0.85Ni_0.2Fe_0.4Mn_0.4O₂^［31］	Mg、B（提高结构稳定性）	10C，98.45	1C循环200次，82.6%
NaNi_1/3Mn_1/3Fe_1/3O₂^［32］	Al、Cu（Al提高结构稳定性；Cu提高放电比容量）	5C，113	1C循环200次，81%

原始材料	包覆物质及作用	首次放电比容量/（mA·h·g^-1）	容量保持率
NaNi_1/3Fe_1/3Mn_1/3O₂^［38］	NiO（提高循环稳定性）	0.1C，139.4	1C循环80次，94.1%
NaMn_1/3Fe_1/3Ni_1/3O₂^［39］	ZrO₂（增强循环稳定性）	0.1C，约150	1C循环100次，81.9%
NaMn_0.33Fe_0.33Ni_0.33O₂^［40］	TiO₂（增强循环稳定性）	0.1C，160.9	1C循环100次，71.0%
NaNi_1/3Fe_1/3Mn_1/3O₂^［46］	H₃PO₄（增强结构稳定性）	0.1C，162	0.5C循环200次，约61%
NaNi_1/3Fe_1/3Mn_1/3O₂^［47］	NaPO₃（增强结构稳定性）	0.1C，175	1C循环150次，80.1%
NaNi_0.3Fe_0.2Mn_0.5O₂^［48］	NaTi₂（PO₄）₃（提高循环稳定性、结构稳定性）	10C，107	1C循环300次，86%

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