无机盐工业
主管:中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司
主办:中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司
   中海油炼油化工科学研究院(北京)有限公司
   中国化工学会无机酸碱盐专业委员会
ISSN 1006-4990 CN 12-1069/TQ

无机盐工业 ›› 2025, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (10): 103-110.doi: 10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2024-0531

• 环境·健康·安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

脱硫废水蒸发浓缩特性规律研究

陈海杰1(), 麻晓越1, 魏新1, 孙聪聪2, 于子凯2, 杨静2(), 王彦飞2()   

  1. 1.大唐环境产业集团股份有限公司,北京 100097
    2.天津科技大学化工与材料学院,天津 300457
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-09 出版日期:2025-10-10 发布日期:2025-10-27
  • 通讯作者: 杨静(1992— ),女,博士,讲师,主要研究方向为工业结晶及海卤水资源综合利用;E-mail:yang_J@tust.edu.cn
    王彦飞(1977— ),男,教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向为工业结晶及海卤水资源综合利用;E-mail:wangyanfei@tust.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:陈海杰(1970— ),女,高级工程师,从事火电节能环保技术研发工作;E-mail:chenhj@dteg.com.cn
  • 基金资助:
    大唐环境产业集团股份有限公司科技资助项目(DTHJ-2022-20414)

Study on evaporation and concentration characteristics of desulfurization wastewater

CHEN Haijie1(), MA Xiaoyue1, WEI Xin1, SUN Congcong2, YU Zikai2, YANG Jing2(), WANG Yanfei2()   

  1. 1. Datang Environmental Industry Group Co. ,Ltd. ,Beijing 100097,China
    2. Tianjin University of Science and Technology,Tianjin 300457,China
  • Received:2024-10-09 Published:2025-10-10 Online:2025-10-27

摘要:

电厂脱硫废水具有高含盐量、高硬度及成分复杂等特点,由于废水蒸发浓缩析盐规律及基础物性规律不清晰,导致废水蒸发减量处理工艺难以实现精准控制,设备结垢问题严重,资源化利用低。因此,基于多元水盐体系热力学相平衡规律,研究了两种典型脱硫废水(氯化物型和硫酸盐型)的常压蒸发析盐规律及晶相转化行为,探究不同蒸发速率下废水沸点、浓缩比和离子组成变化规律,通过实验验证了热力学相图指导蒸发析盐工艺设计的可行性:两类废水蒸发析出顺序均为无定型有机杂质、石膏(CaSO4·2H2O)、氯化钠;为保证石膏单独析出,氯化物型废水和硫酸盐型废水浓缩终点沸点分别应控制在106 ℃和108 ℃,对应汽化量均可达85%以上。此外,研究发现蒸发初期硫酸钙均以石膏(CaSO4·2H2O)形式析出,在高温水热环境(>100 ℃)中240 min内开始脱水转化为CaSO4,360 min完成转化,明确了石膏晶种法防垢技术的应用条件。该研究为脱硫废水蒸发减量处理提供了关键工艺参数,对提升电厂节水降耗能力具有重要实践价值。

关键词: 脱硫废水, 蒸发浓缩特性, 水盐体系相图, 硫酸钙

Abstract:

Power plant desulfurization wastewater is characterized by high salinity,high hardness,and complex composition.Due to the unclear laws of salt precipitation and basic physical properties during wastewater evaporation and concentration,it is difficult to achieve precise control of the evaporation and volume reduction treatment process,resulting in severe equipment scaling and low resource utilization.Therefore,based on the thermodynamic phase equilibrium laws of multi-component water-salt systems,the atmospheric evaporation and salt precipitation laws and crystal phase transformation behaviors of two typical types of desulfurization wastewater(chloride and sulfate types) were investigated.The changes in boiling point,concentration ratio,and ion composition of the wastewater under different evaporation rates were explored.The feasibility of guiding the evaporation and salt precipitation process design with thermodynamic phase diagrams was verified through experiments.The order of salt precipitation during evaporation for both types of wastewater was amorphous organic impurities,gypsum(CaSO4·2H2O),and sodium chloride.To ensure the separate precipitation of gypsum,the boiling points of the concentrated chloride and sulfate wastewater should be controlled at 106 ℃ and 108 ℃ respectively,with corresponding vaporization rates of over 85%.Additionally,it was found that calcium sulfate precipitated as gypsum(CaSO4·2H2O) in the initial stage of evaporation.In a high-temperature hydrothermal environment(>100 ℃),it began to dehydrate and transform into CaSO4 within 240 minutes,with the transformation being completed in 360 minutes.It clarified the application conditions for the gypsum crystallization anti-scaling technology.The study provided key process parameters for the evaporation and volume reduction treatment of desulfurization wastewater,which had significant practical value for improving the water-saving and energy-saving capabilities of power plants.

Key words: desulfurization wastewater, evaporation concentration characteristics, water-salt system phase diagram, calcium sulfate

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