无机盐工业 ›› 2025, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (5): 55-63.doi: 10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2024-0281
收稿日期:
2024-05-20
出版日期:
2025-05-10
发布日期:
2024-07-22
通讯作者:
蔡宗英(1977— ),男,博士,副教授,主要研究方向为新能源材料;E-mail:czy1106@sina.com。作者简介:
唐振强(2001— ),男,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为磷酸铁锂正极材料;E-mail:1143381255@qq.com。
基金资助:
TANG Zhenqiang(), CAI Zongying(
), CAO Weigang, ZHENG Long
Received:
2024-05-20
Published:
2025-05-10
Online:
2024-07-22
摘要:
橄榄石结构的磷酸铁锂(LiFePO4)作为一种性能优良的正极材料,具有成本低、容量大、环境友好等优点。但由于磷酸铁锂电池的电子电导率、离子扩散速率低等缺陷,制约了磷酸铁锂在动力电池行业的进一步发展。因此,需要有效的策略来改善磷酸铁锂的电池性能。基于此,系统阐述了高温固相法、水热/溶剂热及溶胶-凝胶法合成磷酸铁锂的具体过程及各个方法的优缺点,表明不同方法对LiFePO4的形貌及粒度影响不同。然后,分析了表面包覆、离子掺杂等改性方法对磷酸铁锂电化学性能的影响,结果表明,两种改性方法均有效改善了离子间电导率及锂离子扩散速率,显著提升其电化学性能。最后,对磷酸铁锂未来的研究方向进行展望,未来仍需深入研究LiFePO4的包覆掺杂技术,推动LiFePO4在锂离子电池行业的持续发展,提高其在高性能锂电池等领域的应用价值。
中图分类号:
唐振强, 蔡宗英, 曹卫刚, 郑珑. 橄榄石型磷酸铁锂正极材料的合成及改性研究进展[J]. 无机盐工业, 2025, 57(5): 55-63.
TANG Zhenqiang, CAI Zongying, CAO Weigang, ZHENG Long. Research progress on synthesis and modification of olivine type lithium iron phosphate cathode materials[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2025, 57(5): 55-63.
表2
金属元素掺杂LiFePO4的电化学性能
掺杂元素 | 掺杂位点 | 电化学性能 (放电比容量;容量保持率) |
---|---|---|
Na[ | Li1-x Na x FePO4/C | 139.2 mA·h/g;98.9% |
Al[ | Li1-x Al x FePO4 | 95.0 mA·h/g(0.2C) |
Nb[ | Li1-x Nb x FePO4/C | 164.9 mA·h/g;97.3% |
Na&K[ | Li1-x-y Na x K y FePO4/C | 159.0 mA·h/g(0.1C) |
V[ | LiFe1-x V x PO4/C | 162.9 mA·h/g;96.0% |
Mn[ | LiFe1-x Mn x PO4/C | 156.0 mA·h/g;105.0% |
Cu[ | LiFe1-x Cu x PO4/C | 148.0 mA·h/g;99.9% |
Mg&Ti[ | LiFe1-x-y Mg x Ti y PO4 | 161.5 mA·h/g;99.6% |
Zr&Co[ | Li0.99Zr0.002 5Fe1-x Co x PO4 | 139.9 mA·h/g;85.0% |
Na&V[ | Li1-x Na x Fe1-y V y PO4/C | 156.5 mA·h/g;98.2% |
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