无机盐工业
主管:中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司
主办:中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司
   中海油炼油化工科学研究院(北京)有限公司
   中国化工学会无机酸碱盐专业委员会
ISSN 1006-4990 CN 12-1069/TQ

无机盐工业 ›› 2025, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (5): 55-63.doi: 10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2024-0281

• 综述与专论 • 上一篇    下一篇

橄榄石型磷酸铁锂正极材料的合成及改性研究进展

唐振强(), 蔡宗英(), 曹卫刚, 郑珑   

  1. 华北理工大学冶金与能源学院,河北 唐山 063210
  • 收稿日期:2024-05-20 出版日期:2025-05-10 发布日期:2024-07-22
  • 通讯作者: 蔡宗英(1977— ),男,博士,副教授,主要研究方向为新能源材料;E-mail:czy1106@sina.com
  • 作者简介:唐振强(2001— ),男,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为磷酸铁锂正极材料;E-mail:1143381255@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然青年科学基金资助项目(52104330)

Research progress on synthesis and modification of olivine type lithium iron phosphate cathode materials

TANG Zhenqiang(), CAI Zongying(), CAO Weigang, ZHENG Long   

  1. School of Metallurgy and Enegry,North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan 063210,China
  • Received:2024-05-20 Published:2025-05-10 Online:2024-07-22

摘要:

橄榄石结构的磷酸铁锂(LiFePO4)作为一种性能优良的正极材料,具有成本低、容量大、环境友好等优点。但由于磷酸铁锂电池的电子电导率、离子扩散速率低等缺陷,制约了磷酸铁锂在动力电池行业的进一步发展。因此,需要有效的策略来改善磷酸铁锂的电池性能。基于此,系统阐述了高温固相法、水热/溶剂热及溶胶-凝胶法合成磷酸铁锂的具体过程及各个方法的优缺点,表明不同方法对LiFePO4的形貌及粒度影响不同。然后,分析了表面包覆、离子掺杂等改性方法对磷酸铁锂电化学性能的影响,结果表明,两种改性方法均有效改善了离子间电导率及锂离子扩散速率,显著提升其电化学性能。最后,对磷酸铁锂未来的研究方向进行展望,未来仍需深入研究LiFePO4的包覆掺杂技术,推动LiFePO4在锂离子电池行业的持续发展,提高其在高性能锂电池等领域的应用价值。

关键词: 磷酸铁锂, 合成方法, 表面包覆, 离子掺杂

Abstract:

Lithium iron phosphate with olivine structure(LiFePO4),as a high⁃performance cathode material,has the advantages of low cost,large capacity,and environmental friendliness.However,due to the low electronic conductivity and ion diffusion rate of lithium iron phosphate batteries,their further development in the power battery industry is restricted.Therefore,effective strategies are needed to improve the battery performance of lithium iron phosphate.The specific process of synthesizing LiFePO4 by high⁃temperature solid phase method,hydrothermal method,solvothermal method and sol-gel method,as well as the advantages and disadvantages of each method were systematically described.It showed that different methods had different effects on the morphology and particle size of LiFePO4.Afterwards,the influence of surface coating,ion doping and other modification methods on the electrochemical performance of lithium iron phosphate was analyzed.The analysis showed that both modification methods effectively improved the ion conductivity and lithium ion diffusion rate,significantly enhancing its electrochemical performance.Finally,the future research directions of lithium iron phosphate were prospected.In the future,it was still necessary to conduct in⁃depth research on the coating and doping technology of LiFePO4,promote its sustainable development in the lithium⁃ion battery industry,and improve its application value in high⁃performance lithium batteries and other fields.

Key words: lithium iron phosphate, synthetic method, surface coating, ion doping

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