高镍三元正极材料镍钴铝的掺杂改性研究进展

doi:10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2021-0533

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

高镍三元正极材料镍钴铝（NCA）因具有较高的能量密度及工作电压、成本低、环境友好等优点极有可能成为下一代广泛应用的锂离子电池正极材料之一。然而镍含量的提高导致材料结构不稳定、循环性能和倍率性能降低，限制了其进一步发展。主要从锂位、过渡金属位、氧位掺杂及复合共掺杂4个方面综述了不同位置离子掺杂的改性机理。大量研究结果表明，通过复合共掺杂方式进行改性，能够结合单离子掺杂的优点有效提升镍钴铝正极材料的电化学性能。

关键词: NCA正极材料, 离子掺杂改性, 容量衰减机理, 电化学性能

Abstract:

Due to the high energy density，high working voltage，low cost and environmental friendliness，high nickel ternary nickel-cobalt-aluminum（NCA） cathode material is likely to become one of the next generation widely used cathode materials for lithium ion batteries.However，increasing of nickel content，resulting in more unstable material structure，reduced cycle performance，and rate capability，limits its further development.The modification mechanism of ion doping at different positions from four aspects: lithium site，transition metal site，oxygen site doping and composite co-doping were summarized.A large number of research results showed that modification by composite co-doping could effectively improve the electrochemical performance of nickel-cobalt-aluminum cathode materials by combining the advantages of single ion doping.

Key words: NCA cathode material, ion doping modification, capacity decay mechanism, electrochemical performance

中图分类号:

TQ138.13

侯顺丽,赵段,周庚,魏诗诗,李健,王甲泰. 高镍三元正极材料镍钴铝的掺杂改性研究进展[J]. 无机盐工业, 2022, 54(8): 40-46.

HOU Shunli,ZHAO Duan,ZHOU Geng,WEI Shishi,LI Jian,WANG Jiatai. Research progress on doping modification of high nickel ternary nickel-cobalt-aluminum cathode material[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2022, 54(8): 40-46.

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掺杂分类	取代位置	掺杂离子	化合价	离子半径/nm	放电速率	循环次数	容量保持率/%
单离子掺杂	Li位	Na^+［16］	+1	0.102	1.0C	200	90.71
	Li位	K^+［17］	+1	0.138	1.0C	150	87.4
	M位	Ti^4+［20］	+4	0.060 5	0.1C	100	86.9
	M位	Mg^2+［21］	+3	0.072	0.5C	100	84.9
	O位	Br^-［28］	-1	0.196	0.5C	100	73.7
	O位	S^2-［30］	-2	0.184	1.0C	1 100	70.4
复合共掺杂	Li位 O位	Na^+［33］ Nb^5+［33］	+1 +5	0.102 0.069	0.5C	100	94.3
复合共掺杂	Li位 O位	Na^+［34］ Br^-［34］	+1 -1	0.102 0.196	2.0C	100	91.5

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