退役动力电池锂回收及电池级碳酸锂制备研究进展

doi:10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2024-0100

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着新能源汽车规模的持续增长，产生数量极大的富含锂等有价金属的退役动力电池，其回收和资源化利用可以降低固体废物对环境的影响和资源浪费，对能源和环境领域发展具有重要意义。退役动力电池成分复杂，锂资源回收包括拆解、破碎、分选、除杂、元素合成等复杂工艺，回收效率较低。为了退役动力电池的高效回收及实现有价金属锂的高值利用，分别对传统的物理处理、化学处理及新兴的电极材料直接修复技术的研究进展进行了总结。综述了锂元素提取与电池级碳酸锂的制备方法，如重结晶法、苛化法、电化学法和碳化法，并对退役动力电池中锂回收及电池级碳酸锂的制备提出展望。

关键词: 退役锂动力电池, 锂回收, 磷酸铁锂, 三元材料, 碳酸锂

Abstract:

With rapidly growing on renewable energy vehicles，there presents a large amount of spent lithium-ion batteries including valuable lithium metals.Lithium recycles and utilizations from the spent batteries can reduce negative environment effect of solid-waste resources，and thus holding a significant contribution in the development for energy and environment applications.Currently，spent lithium-ion batteries comprise with various complex components.Meanwhile，resource recovery in lithium includes complex processes（dismantling，crushing，sorting，impurity removal，and element synthesis） with low efficiency.Thus，in order to realize efficient lithium recovery and their high-value utilizations，the research on recovery progress were summarized，involving traditional physical treatment，chemical treatment，and direct repair technology for emerging new electrodes.Furthermore，the key technology related to lithium extraction and the preparation in battery-grade lithium carbonate were reviewed，such as recrystallization，causticization，electrochemistry，and carbonation process.In addition，the prospects and challenges for further development of lithium recovery and battery-grade lithium carbonate were proposed.

Key words: spent lithium-ion power batteries, lithium recovery, lithium iron phosphate, ternary cathode materials, lithium carbonate

中图分类号:

TQ131.11

赵润泽, 钱阿妞. 退役动力电池锂回收及电池级碳酸锂制备研究进展[J]. 无机盐工业, 2024, 56(12): 70-78.

ZHAO Runze, QIAN A′niu. Research progress of lithium recovery for spent lithium-ion batteries and preparation in battery-grade lithium carbonate[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2024, 56(12): 70-78.

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