无机盐工业
主管:中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司
主办:中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司
   中海油炼油化工科学研究院(北京)有限公司
   中国化工学会无机酸碱盐专业委员会
ISSN 1006-4990 CN 12-1069/TQ

无机盐工业 ›› 2024, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (2): 95-103.doi: 10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2023-0197

• 环境·健康·安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

磷酸法低灰分活性炭的制备研究

张丽1(), 张丹2, 潘红艳1(), 董永刚1(), 李文飞2, 秦红2   

  1. 1.贵州大学化学与化工学院,贵州 贵阳 550025
    2.贵州瓮福化工有限公司,贵州 贵阳 550002
  • 收稿日期:2023-04-06 出版日期:2024-02-10 发布日期:2024-02-06
  • 通讯作者: 潘红艳,博士,教授;E-mail:cepanhongyan@163.com
    董永刚,硕士,副教授;E-mail:ygdong@gzu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:张丽(1996— ),女,硕士研究生,主要从事生物废弃物多孔碳材料的制备研究;E-mail:3431183060@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(22262068009);国家自然科学基金项目(22262006);黔科合基础-ZK[2003]050;黔科合支撑项目([2003]043);贵州省教育厅创新集群项目(2021010)

Study on preparation of low ash activated carbon by phosphoric acid method

ZHANG Li1(), ZHANG Dan2, PAN Hongyan1(), DONG Yonggang1(), LI Wenfei2, QIN Hong2   

  1. 1.School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
    2.Guizhou Wengfu Chemical Co. , Ltd. , Guiyang 550002, China
  • Received:2023-04-06 Published:2024-02-10 Online:2024-02-06

摘要:

磷酸活化法是目前工业上生产生物质基活性炭的主要方法,但较高的灰分含量限制其在医药、食品等高端领域应用。基于此,以湿法磷酸为活化剂、废木屑为碳源,研究活化条件(温度、时间等)和洗涤条件(介质、酸浓度、温度等)对活性炭灰分及性能的影响,运用TG、FT-IR、XRD、SEM和TEM等表征方法分析活性炭的表面性质和微观结构。结果表明,难溶性磷酸盐是活性炭灰分产生的主要因素,通过控制活性炭制备和洗涤工艺可调控难溶性磷酸盐含量,从而调控活性炭灰分、碘值和亚甲蓝值。获得最佳工艺条件:活化温度为500 ℃、活化剂H3PO4质量分数为70%、酸屑质量比为2∶1、活化时间为60 min及N2气氛保护;洗涤液用量为100 mL、洗涤介质为H3PO4、H3PO4质量分数为20%、洗涤温度为80 ℃及洗涤时间为60 min。最佳工艺条件下制备的活性炭灰分为1.07%、碘值为1 241.4 mg/g、亚甲蓝值为285 mg/g、比表面积为2 290 m2/g,表明该技术制备的活性炭具有应用于食品、医药等高端行业领域的潜质。

关键词: 活性炭, 湿法磷酸, 灰分, 吸附性能

Abstract:

Phosphoric acid activation is currently the main method for industrial production of biomass-based activated carbon,but the higher ash content limits its application in high-end fields such as medicine and food.Based on this,the effect of activation conditions(temperature,time,etc.) and washing conditions(medium,acid concentration,temperature,etc.) on the ash content and properties of activated carbon was investigated by using wet phosphoric acid as the activator and waste wood chips as the carbon source,and the surface properties and microstructure of activated carbon were analyzed by using TG,FT-IR,XRD,SEM and TEM characterization.The results showed that insoluble phosphate was the main factor in the generation of activated carbon ash,and that the activated carbon ash,iodine and methylene blue values could be regulated by controlling the activated carbon preparation process and washing process.The optimal process conditions were activation temperature of 500 ℃,phosphoric acid concentration of 70%,acid to chip ratio of 2∶1,activation time of 60 min,N2 protection,washing solution dosage of 100 mL,washing solution concentration of 20%,washing medium of H3PO4,washing temperature of 80 ℃ and washing time of 60 min.The activated carbon prepared under these conditions had an ash content of 1.07%,iodine value of 1 241.4 mg/g,methylene blue value of 285 mg/g,specific surface area of 2 290 m2/g,indicating that the activated carbon prepared by this technology had the potential to be applied in high-end industries such as food and medicine.

Key words: activated carbon, wet-process phosphoric acid, ash, adsorption performance

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