无机盐工业 ›› 2023, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (1): 56-63.doi: 10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2022-0471
收稿日期:
2022-08-09
出版日期:
2023-01-10
发布日期:
2023-01-17
作者简介:
刘大锐(1983— ),男,高级工程师,博士,研究方向为粉煤灰资源化综合利用工艺技术;E-mail:基金资助:
LIU Darui(),XU Lijun,LI Shichun,CAO Kun,TU Ya,LI Wenqing,LIU Qingliang
Received:
2022-08-09
Published:
2023-01-10
Online:
2023-01-17
摘要:
随着锂电池行业的快速发展,中国锂原料对外进口的依赖程度逐年增加。从粉煤灰中回收锂,既可以缓解中国锂供应量严重不足的现状,又可以有效解决粉煤灰污染环境的问题。在分析比较锂矿石、盐湖卤水和粉煤灰的组成及其特点的基础上,从浸出和提取两个方面综述了目前粉煤灰回收锂的工艺技术。锂浸出工艺受粉煤灰浸出铝工艺的影响,目前已较为成熟,主要有酸法浸出和碱法浸出工艺。锂提取技术则受锂浸出工艺的影响,酸法浸出工艺的浸出液杂质元素比较多,提锂过程比较复杂,目前主要有溶剂萃取法、煅烧浸出法和吸附法;碱法浸出工艺的浸出液杂质元素简单,提锂相对容易,目前主要采用的是吸附法。由于粉煤灰浸出液与盐湖卤水的成分相似,因此借鉴盐湖卤水的提锂技术经验,开发适用于粉煤灰浸出液的提锂技术,是未来粉煤灰回收锂的主要研究方向。
中图分类号:
刘大锐,许立军,李世春,曹坤,图亚,李文清,刘清亮. 粉煤灰中战略金属锂的回收研究进展[J]. 无机盐工业, 2023, 55(1): 56-63.
LIU Darui,XU Lijun,LI Shichun,CAO Kun,TU Ya,LI Wenqing,LIU Qingliang. Research progress of recovery of strategic metal lithium from fly ash[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2023, 55(1): 56-63.
表5
粉煤灰浸出液和国内盐湖卤水的主要化学组成
样品 | ρ(Li+)/ (mg·L-1) | ρ(Na+)/ (mg·L-1) | ρ(K+)/ (mg·L-1) | ρ(Mg2+)/ (mg·L-1) | ρ(Ca2+)/ (mg·L-1) | ρ(Al3+)/ (mg·L-1) | n(Mg)/ n(Li) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
扎布耶碳酸盐型盐湖卤水[ | 0.49 | 72.9 | 16.6 | 0.03 | 0.12 | — | 0.053 |
一里坪硫酸盐型盐湖卤水[ | 0.21 | 25.8 | 9.1 | 12.8 | 0.16 | — | 61 |
察尔汗氯化物型盐湖卤水[ | 0.03 | 23.7 | 12.5 | 48.9 | 0.51 | — | 1 577 |
粉煤灰酸浸液[ | 0.39 | 4.039 | 3.442 | 1.859 | 0.286 | 92.486 | 4.77 |
酸法结晶母液[ | 0.422 | 1.5 | 0.6 | 3.036 | 0.986 | 82.72 | 7.19 |
粉煤灰脱硅液[ | 0.049 | 101.29 | 0.724 | — | 0.031 8 | 0.453 | — |
粉煤灰碱浸液[ | 0.003 8 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
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