Lithium sulfur batteries（LSBs） have attracted considerable attention as promising next-generation energy storage devices due to their high theoritical energy density.Although the electrochemical performance of LSBs has been significantly enhanced over the past decade，most of their test condition is based on excessive electrolyte usage.High electrolyte usage not only increases the manufacturing cost of batteries but also reduces their actual energy density，Which is detrimental to commercial applications of LSBs.Therefore，it is especially critical to develop LSBs that combine low electrolyte usage with excellent electrochemical performance.The challenges faced by LSBs under lean electrolyte conditions were outlined and the approaches based on sulfur electrode design to reduce electrolyte usage were discussed in detail：1）optimizing electrode porosity and ion conduction to shorten the transport path of lithium ions and enhance their conductivity；2）introducing meta-based or nonmetallic-based catalysis to enhance the reaction kinetics of active materials under lean electrolyte conditions；3）developing novel active materials to avoid the degradation of battery performance caused by the large amount of lithium polysulfides dissolved in the electrolyte under lean electrolyte conditions.Finally，the perspectives on further optimizing the design of sulfur cathode to develop high-energy-density LSBs with lean electrolyte were proposed.

Lithium-ion batteries are commercialized due to their high working voltage and energy density.However，the limited lithium resources have hampered their widespread application.Sodium-ion batteries（SIBs） have similar electrochemical behavior and rich sodium salt resources，which have attracted wide attention.The current SIBs use organic electrolytes，which have many safety issues such as leakage and combustion，and the use of solid-state electrolytes can effectively solve the above problems.However，the ionic conductivity of this electrolyte needs to be further improved，and the problems of the consistency of the synthesized material and the large interface impedance between the electrode and electrolyte limit its practical application.To settle the problem of ionic conductivity，the effects of substituted different multi-valence metal ions were summarized and analyzed.In view of the interface problems，the existing interface modification methods of Na_1+x Zr₂Si _x P_3-x O₁₂ electrolytes from the cathode and anode sides were reviewed and analyzed.Finally，the development direction of Na_1+x Zr₂Si _x P_3-x O₁₂ solid electrolytes was forecasted，which was expected to promote the development of solid SIBs.

China is rich in phosphorus ore resources，but most of them are medium and low⁃grade phosphorus ore，which need to be beneficiated to be used in chemical production.Phosphorus tailings are solid wastes with low phosphorus content produced by beneficiation of phosphorus ore，which can be regarded as low⁃grade phosphorus tailings，mainly composed of calcium oxide，magnesium oxide，phosphorus pentoxide，silica，and have great potential for comprehensive utilization.In this paper，in view of the structure，composition，and physicochemical properties of phosphorus tailings，the current situation and research progress of the comprehensive utilization of phosphorus tailings were reviewed.The utilization of phosphorus tailings in the filling of the mine，leaching of calcium and magnesium and other valuable elements，re⁃election and recovery of phosphorus elements，agricultural applications，building applications，environmental protection applications and other aspects was elaborated in detail.The problems faced in the comprehensive utilization of phosphorus tailings were analyzed and prospects for its development were outlooked.It was pointed out that the development of a new environmentally friendly and efficient comprehensive utilization process of phosphorus tailings was the development direction of phosphorus tailings utilization，which was the common need of phosphorus chemical enterprises and society and it was in line with the basic national policy of green and efficient utilization of resources and sustainable development.

Benzene，toluene，xylene（BTX） is wildly used to synthetize high value products such as rubber，textile fibers，pharmaceuticals，and spices as an important raw materials of organic chemical.Recently，with the rapidly development of domestic petrochemical industry，the demand for BTX was increased by 2%~6% annually.In addition，the increasingly stringent environmental requirements for aromatics reforming technology promoted the continuous development of olefin removal catalyst for aromatic reforming oil.Based on these points，the research status and existed problems of two traditional olefin removal agents including the granular activated clay and selective hydrogenation refining catalysts were summarized firstly.Then，the catalysis，deactivation mechanism and industrial application status of emerging zeolite catalysts were emphatically introduced.Finally，the modification methods of zeolite were reviewed from three aspects：morphology and grain size regulation，pore structure controlment，and acidity adjustment.The design and development directions of molecular sieve catalysts for future industrial aromatics continuous reforming units were pointed out.

In recent years，due to the massive burning of fossil fuels，CO₂ emissions have increased dramatically，which has caused a series of ecological problems.Therefore，it is urgent to study more effective carbon dioxide capture technologies and more efficient carbon dioxide absorbents.After considering the three carbon dioxide capture process technologies of pre-combustion capture，post-combustion capture and oxygen-enriched combustion，scholars find that the post-combustion capture process technology is the most suitable for industrial applications.As an efficient，energy-saving and relatively mature emerging technology for CO₂ capture after combustion，chemical absorption is one of the most widely used and potential capture technologies in power plants.Firstly，the research status of carbon capture technology was introduced，and then four kinds of chemical absorbents that were paid close attention to in the current carbon capture technology were emphatically described，including organic amine solution absorbents，ionic liquid absorbents，ammonia aqueous solution absorbents and new phase change absorbents.The capture principle，research status，advantages and disadvantages of these four absorbents，and the direction of improvement were discussed separately.

In recent years，the application of lithium-ion batteries has seen explosive growth in various fields，and almost every field has placed higher demands on the energy density of lithium-ion batteries to meet the ever-increasing demand for power and energy storage.Nevertheless，during the initial charge/discharge cycle of a lithium-ion battery，a solid electrolyte interface（SEI） film forms on the surface of the anode，resulting in the depletion of active lithium ions in the cathode materials.This phenomenon leads to an irreversible loss of battery capacity and a reduction in the first-time coulombic efficiency of the battery.Research has demonstrated that the pre-lithiation technique represents a viable solution to the issue at hand.The findings indicate that pre-lithiation of the cathode confers greater benefits than pre-lithiation of the anode.The common lithium replenishment technologies were mainly described，such as binary lithium-containing compounds，ternary lithium-containing compounds and organic lithium salts，etc.The progress of cathode pre-lithiation additive materials in optimising performance was also reviewed.It was pointed out that there were some urgent problems to be solved，and looked forward to the future of pre-lithiation technology.

Natural cellulose-based hydrogels have strong adsorption properties and are excellent adsorbent for removing heavy metal ions，but hydrogels strength is weak.Through free radical polymerization，acrylic acid（AA） and acrylamide（AM） were grafted onto sodium carboxymethyl cellulose（CMC），and further self-made nano-calcium carbonate（NCC） was doped into the cellulose hydrogel，successfully preparing NCC/CMC composite hydrogel.The pressive performance test results showed that the maximum stress was 48.52 kPa when the maximum strain was 80% and the mass fraction of NCC was 2.5%，and it still reached 39.64 kPa after 20 cycles.The morphology and structure of the hydrogel were characterized using SEM，FT-IR，XRD，and N₂ adsorption-desorption test.The results showed that the composite hydrogel had an abundant surface porous structure with a specific surface area of 7.775 m²/g，which was belonged to mesoporous materials.The effects of pH，initial mass concentration of copper ion solution，and temperature on the adsorption amount of copper ions were investigated.The results showed that when the pH of the copper ion solution was 5.5，the temperature was 30 ℃，and the initial mass concentration of the copper ion solution was 150 mg/L，the maximum adsorption capacity of NCC/CMC composite hydrogel for copper ions reached 178 mg/g，and the adsorption capacity was 30 mg/g higher than that of CMC hydrogel.The adsorption process was followed the Langmuir model and the Pseudo-second order.After 5 consecutive adsorption-desorption cycles，the composite hydrogel still has good regeneration performance.

Calcium silicate hydrate（CSH） is a kind of important heavy metal adsorbent，which plays an important role in both natural self-purification process and artificial environmental purification and restoration.Functionalization of CSH adsorbent for Fe³⁺ adsorption can achieve reduction and detoxification of heavy metal Cr（Ⅵ）.Firstly，CSH was prepared by extracting steel slag filtrate from an acid leaching process as the Ca source and Na₂SiO₃·9H₂O as the Si source.The resulting CSH was used to adsorb Fe³⁺ metal ions by ion exchange and electrostatic attraction.Subsequently，by using thiourea as S source，the CSH adsorbent loaded by Fe³⁺ was hydrothermally transformed into xFeS@CSH（x was the initial concentration of Fe³⁺，mg/L）.When the mass concentration of Fe³⁺ was 150 mg/L，150FeS@CSH sample possessed the best Cr（Ⅵ） reduction property.When pH=2，the reduction conversion rate of Cr（Ⅵ） （10 mg/L，60 mL） could reach 100% after 4 minutes of reaction.Meanwhile，by adjusting the pH of the solution and reaction time（pH=3，reaction time of 30 min），Cr（Ⅲ） fixation and total Cr removal could also be achieved.The active FeS phase achieved Cr（Ⅵ） reduction，and with the increase of solution pH，the reduction product Cr（Ⅲ） was fixed on the material surface in the form of Cr（OH）₃，Cr₂O₃，etc.

The direct regeneration of deeply deactivated ternary cathode materials can effectively reduce energy consumption and alleviate environmental burdens，achieving clean recycling and reuse of lithium-ion batteries. However，it has been found that the direct regeneration of materials dismantled often has poor effects. Therefore，research on the characteristic analysis and pretreatment of deeply deactivated ternary cathode materials from retired lithium-ion batteries was conducted. A systematic study of the deactivated cathode materials using various characterization techniques showed that the deeply deactivated ternary cathode materials contained a significant amount of binder PVDF，conductive carbon black，and salt impurities，and their crystal structure was severely damaged. Moreover，electrochemical results showed that the specific capacity was only 30 mA·h/g，which was far below that of commercial material，indicating a significant degradation in battery capacity. In order to effectively regenerate the ternary cathode materials，a high-temperature calcination pretreatment for impurity removal was carried out in an oxygen atmosphere. Calcination at 550 ℃ for 4 h could completely remove conductive carbon black and other impurity components from the deactivated cathode materials，without significantly affecting the composition and structure of the materials，thus laying the foundation for subsequent processing such as direct regeneration.

SSZ-13 zeolite membrane is widely used in the separation of light gases，such as CO₂/CH₄，CO₂/N₂，due to its special pore structure，CO₂ adsorption and good thermal stability.Strontium feldspar，as an aluminosilicate feldspar，is an ideal material for the rapid and efficient preparation of SSZ-13 zeolite membranes because of its double six-membered ring structure necessary for the synthesis of SSZ-13 zeolite in its crystal structure.SSZ-13 zeolite seeds were prepared by crystal transformation using strontium feldspar as raw material，and then SSZ-13 zeolite membranes for gas separation were successfully prepared on α-Al₂O₃ and strontium feldspar supports by secondary growth method.The structure and properties of the samples were characterized by XRD，SEM，N₂ adsorption and desorption.The single-component gas permeation flux and gas selectivity of CO₂ and CH₄ were carried out on the SSZ-13 zeolite membrane prepared by strontium feldspar crystal transformation.The results showed that the permeation flux of CO₂ by SSZ-13 zeolite membrane in this study was 1.827×10^-6~2.539×10^-6 mol/（m²·s·Pa），while the permeation flux of CH₄ was below 1×10^-7 mol/（m²·s·Pa）.The zeolite membrane with excellent gas separation performance was prepared.Compared with the traditional synthesis method，the strontium feldspar raw material and the secondary growth method used in this study significantly increased the crystallization rate and reduced the production cost and energy consumption.Therefore，it had broad development prospects in the field of preparing zeolite membrane for gas separation.

A series of fumed silica materials with different polyethyleneimine（PEI） loadings as CO₂ adsorbents were prepared by using the equal-volume impregnation method.The composition，structure，actual loading amount of PEI，and thermal stability of the adsorbents were characterized by X-ray diffraction（XRD），scanning electron microscopy（SEM），thermogravimetric analysis（TGA），Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy（FT-IR），and nitrogen physical adsorption measurements.The effects of PEI relative molecular weight，loading amount，and environmental temperature on the CO₂ adsorption performance of the adsorbents were investigated.It was found that the 50%-PEI（600）-SiO₂ adsorbent exhibited the best CO₂ adsorption performance at 100 ℃，with a maximum adsorption capacity of 130.6 mg/g when the relative molecular weight of PEI was 600 and the loading amount was 50%（mass fraction）.Furthermore，the adsorbent showed excellent cyclic performance，with only 4.8% performance loss after 5 cycles.The adsorbent was cost-effective and held great potential for application in CO₂ capture from thermal runaway flue gases of lithium-ion batteries.

Emulsified oil is more difficult to be removed because of its small particle size and difficult to be agglomerated.Coagulation is widely used in the treatment of emulsified oil.However，the traditional iron and aluminum salt coagulants produce small flocs and have slow generation rate，which make it difficult to realize the rapid separation of oil and water，resulting in poor deep oil removal effect.The new titanium salt coagulant is expected to solve the application problem of iron aluminum salt coagulant due to its outstanding coagulation performance.In this paper，a new type of titanium gel coagulant（TXC） for the treatment of oily wastewater was evaluated by using four kinds of simulated emulsified oil water，such as lubricating oil，soybean oil，petroleum ether and diesel oil，and choosing polyferric sulfate（PFS） and polyaluminum chloride（PAC） as the control.The results showed that TXC had better coagulation effect on emulsified oil wastewater than PFS and PAC.Taking lubricating oil as an example，in the initial pH range of 3~11，dosage of 1~60 mg/L and oil content of 500~2 000 mg/L，the oil removal rate of TXC was up to 91.526%.It was better than PFS and PAC.The turbidity of the oil-bearing wastewater after TXC coagulation was less than 1 NTU，and the particle size of the oil was the smallest，which indicated that TXC had the application potential of deep oil removal.The results of floc characterization showed that TXC mainly removed oil by net sweeping，and because of its large floc size，it was easier to remove small particle size oil droplets.The research results provided new ideas for the treatment of oily wastewater，especially emulsified oil wastewater.

Carbon dioxide electrocatalytic reduction（CO₂RR） technology which converts CO₂ into fuel and high value⁃added chemicals is one of the effective ways to alleviate the current resources，environment，and many other problems.Among numerous products of CO₂RR，ethanol has a relatively high energy density and economic value.However，due to the complex elementary process，and it is affected by the mass transfer and by⁃product hydrogen evolution，the process of CO₂RR⁃to⁃ethanol is often accompanied by a series of problems such as high potential，low reaction，and low selectivity.Therefore，the current design ideas of CO₂RR to ethanol catalytic system and the research progress of catalytic materials by using the “tandem process” of system coupling，the “tandem reaction” of active site coupling，and the “synergy reaction” that highlights the “electronic effect”，“strain effect” and “confinement effect” were reviewed.It was proposed that “tandem catalysis” and “synergy catalysis” were the two main strategies for the design of electrocatalytic systems at present.It was also suggested that mechanism⁃based catalysts design was the key to improving the performance of CO₂RR to ethanol process under different electrocatalytic strategies.

Zeolite is a widely used inorganic crystalline material，but its synthesis process usually takes a long time，which reduces its synthesis efficiency.Therefore，the development of rapid synthesis technology of zeolite is the key technology to improve the synthesis efficiency of zeolite，but also an important means to reduce the cost and increase the efficiency of zeolite for the actual industrial production.The progress of rapid synthesis of zeolite at home and abroad commonly used technology was introduced.The rapid synthesis technology was classified and elaborated from three aspects，including the addition of crystallization promoter，process intensification technology and other synthesis technology.The inner reason for each technology to accelerate the zeolite synthesis speed was explained and at the same time their advantages and disadvantages were analyzed.Finally，based on the characteristics of each technology combined with the current requirements for environmental protection in the actual production of zeolites，the future development direction of molecular sieve rapid synthesis technology was proposed.

The separation and extraction of low concentration boron from salt lake brine can not only improve the comprehensive utilization rate of resources，but also solve the problem of boron impurity interference in the downstream products of salt lake.Graphene oxide/carbon nanotube（GO/CNTs） composite aerogel was synthesized by hydrothermal method.Polyhydroxy 2-amino-1，3-propanediol was grafted onto the surface of the aerogel by epoxy ring-opening reaction to obtain amino alcohol modified graphene oxide/carbon nanotubes（GO/CNTs） aerogel gel boron adsorbent.The effects of pH，initial concentration，temperature and contact time on boron adsorption were studied by FT-IR，XPS and SEM.It was found that the adsorbent was a porous structure with abundant polyol groups in the channel and on the surface.The results also showed that the maximum equilibrium adsorption capacity of boron was 43.42 mg/g at pH=10，C_o=1 200 mg/L.The adsorption performance of boron was the best at 35 ℃ and reached saturated adsorption equilibrium within 60 min.The adsorption process was accorded with quasi-second-order kinetic model.The adsorption mechanism was the chemical complexation between boron and polyhydroxyl groups.According to the research，the adsorbent showed good application value and potential in the separation of boron in brine.

To obtain the high-quality basic magnesium sulfate whiskers，magnesium hydroxide and magnesium sulfate heptahydrate were used to prepare basic magnesium sulfate whiskers with the hydrothermal method.The influences of hydrothermal parameters on whisker morphology were investigated，which included the molar ratio of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate to magnesium hydroxide，hydrothermal time，stirring speed，addition amount of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate，and hydrothermal temperature.The whisker products were characterized by the various instruments of X-ray diffractometry（XRD），scanning electron microscopy（SEM），transmission electron microscopy（TEM），selected area electron diffraction（SAED），and Fourier-transform infrared spectrum（FT-IR）.The results showed that the optimized process parameters were as following：the molar ratio of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate to magnesium hydroxide was 3∶1，hydrothermal time was 2 h，stirring speed was 400 r/min，addition amount of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate was 4.93 g，hydrothermal temperature was 180 ℃ and the reaction medium of water was 80 mL.The products synthesized at the optimized conditions were mainly fibrous whiskers.The aspect ratio of fibrous whisker was more than 160 with the diameter of 300~500 nm and the length of 80~100 µm.Therefore，the optimization of the process parameters could effectively improve the dispersion and aspect ratio of basic magnesium sulfate whiskers.

In view of the poor performance of Fe and Al coagulants in deep phosphorus removal in low temperature and low turbidity water，based on the specific affinity of lanthanum and phosphate，a series of polylanthanum coagulants（LXC） were prepared by sol-gel method with different lanthanum sources，organic ligands and raw materials（acid，alkali，alcohol，water）.The mass fraction of lanthanum in the obtained materials was 30%~33%，and the particle size of the coagulation floc reached 1 600 μm.And the settlement process could be completed within 5 minutes.The deep phosphorus removal and turbidity removal performance of LXC on university river water［temperature of 4~6 ℃，phosphorus concentration of（1.0±0.1） mg/L］，Yangcheng Lake water［temperature of 4~6 ℃，phosphorus concentration of （0.1±0.3） mg/L］，and Shihu Lake water［temperature of 4~6 ℃，phosphorus concentration of （0.8±0.2） mg/L］ were evaluated using LaCl₃ and polyaluminum chloride（PAC） as control samples.The results showed that under the same dosage，LXC had better phosphorus removal performance on different water samples than LaCl₃ and PAC.Under suitable conditions，the residual phosphorus concentration in the coagulated effluent was less than 0.02 mg/L，achieving deep phosphorus removal performance.This study provided new solutions for deep phosphorus removal and alleviating eutrophication in wave.

The effects of initial digestion water temperature，stirring speed，water-ash mass ratio and pressurized digestion on the morphological structure，particle size and specific surface area of the reaction product calcium hydroxide were investigated by using industrial grade quicklime as raw materials，and the product calcium hydroxide was characterized by Malvern laser particle size distribution instrument，scanning electron microscope（SEM） and specific surface area analyzer.The results showed that the digestion rate was accelerated with the increase of the initial temperature of water，and when the stirring speed was 500 r/min，the initial temperature of water was 45~80 ℃，and the mass ratio of water to ash was 4∶1，the produced calcium hydroxide had the narrowest particle size distribution and the maximum specific surface area was 18.23 m²/g.When the initial temperature of digested water was 25~45 ℃，the morphology of the product calcium hydroxide showed a "dendritic" shape，and when the initial temperature of the digestion water was 65~80 ℃，the shape of product calcium hydroxide grew into “granular”.The pressurized digestion method could obtain a large specific surface area of calcium hydroxide and its shape was “petal-like”，and the maximum specific surface area was 29.32 m²/g.

In recent years，lithium iron phosphate，a cathode material for lithium-ion batteries，has attracted wide attention，driving its precursor iron phosphate related research and production to show explosive growth.However，the mainstream process of iron phosphate production produce a lot of wastewater，restricting the green and healthy development of iron phosphate industry.At present，the reported treatment methods of industrial wastewater of iron phosphate include precipitation method，magnesium ammonium sulfate crystallization，microbial decomposition，membrane separation，etc.But the sludge produced by precipitation method is difficult to treat and recover，magnesium ammonium phosphate method requires the addition of additional agents to meet the precipitation conditions，the stability and flexibility of microbial method are poor，and the membrane separation method should be combined with other treatment techniques to pretreat the membrane inlet water and to treat the membrane concentrated water for reuse.Therefore，in industrial application，a variety of technologies are often combined to form a comprehensive treatment method，which can achieve a better treatment effect on iron phosphate wastewater.Finally，the future wastewater treatment technology of iron phosphate industry was prospected from the aspects of efficient wastewater pretreatment and valuable elements recovery and reuse.

The increasing concentration of CO₂ will cause environmental problems such as global warming，sea level rise and glacier melting，so it is urgent to develop CO₂ capture technology.As an ideal CO₂ adsorbent，MgO has become a research hotspot.The preparation methods of MgO-based CO₂ adsorbents were reviewed，and the changes in MgO-specific surface area，CO₂ adsorption capacity and cyclic stability prepared by different methods were discussed.It was found that the MgO prepared by precipitation and sol-gel methods had larger specific surface areas and more alkaline sites，which effectively improved its ability to capture CO₂.The CO₂ capture ability of MgO-based adsorbents prepared by the molten salt doping modification method was significantly improved，and the CO₂ adsorption capacity was still high after repeated adsorption and desorption cycles.In the future，the research on MgO-based CO₂ adsorbents would mainly focus on the modification methods，process conditions optimization and capture mechanism of MgO，so as to promote the industrial application of MgO-based CO₂ adsorbents.