循环流化床粉煤灰酸溶提锂过程中反应机理的研究

doi:10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2024-0227

Abstract

Abstract:

The coal contains lithium element in zhungeer area，which is enriched in fly ash after being burned in power plants. The lithium content accounts for 290~500 g/t，which has great extraction value.In this paper，the lithium element was leached using hydrochloric acid solution from circulating fluidized bed fly ash，and the reaction mechanism of lithium ions in hydrochloric acid solution was explored in detail.The experimental results showed that the best lithium extraction rate was achieved about 87.31%，when the reaction temperature was 160 ℃，the reaction time was 1 h，the acid ash molar ratio was 0.9，and the stirring speed was 240 r/min.The XRD analysis results testified that the main phases of fly ash were amorphous aluminosilicate，γ-Al₂O₃，mullite，and a small amount of quartz.During the hydrochloric acid leaching process，amorphous aluminosilicate and γ-Al₂O₃ phases were dissolved，while the hydrochloric acid leaching residue was mainly composed of amorphous silica and mullite. The analysis results of FT-IR and ²⁷Al NMR spectra confirmed that the chemical bond Al—O—Si of amorphous aluminosilicate in fly ash was broken，which was attributed to the dissolution of four coordinated Al（Ⅳ）and six coordinated Al（Ⅵ）in the chemical bond，causing damage to the three-dimensional network structure and releasing lithium ions in the network structure. Meanwhile，the lithium element in the γ-Al₂O₃ phase of fly ash was also dissolved into the solution during the hydrochloric acid leaching process.

Key words: fly ash（CFB）, hydrochloric acid, reaction mechanism, lithium extraction

CLC Number:

TQ131.11

LI Chao, WANG Liping, GAO Guimei, ZHANG Yunfeng, HONG Yu, LIU Darui, XU Lijun, CUI Yongjie. Study on reaction mechanism of acid leaching lithium from circulating fluidized bed fly ash[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2025, 57(3): 101-107.

Figures/Tables 9

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Fig.1

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Table 4

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水平	因素
水平	溶出温度（A）/℃	溶出时间（B）/h	酸灰比（C）	搅拌速率（D）/（r·min^-1）
1	130	1.0	0.6	120
2	140	1.5	0.7	240
3	150	2.0	0.8	360
4	160	2.5	0.9	480

样品	w（SiO₂）	w（Al₂O₃）	w（Fe₂O₃）	w（CaO）	w（MgO）	w（K₂O）	w（Na₂O）	w（MnO）	w（TiO₂）	w（V₂O₅）	w（Li₂O）
粉煤灰	36.080	51.800	1.970	2.370	0.170	0.380	1.350	0.010	2.150	0.040	0.088
酸浸渣	68.460	12.980	0.280	0.470	0.230	0.190	0.030	—	3.980	0.010	0.019

实验号	列号				锂溶出率/ %
实验号	A	B	C	D	锂溶出率/ %
1	1	1	1	1	24.31
2	1	2	2	2	41.38
3	1	3	3	3	57.00
4	1	4	4	4	70.89
5	2	1	2	3	53.72
6	2	2	1	4	41.33
7	2	3	4	1	81.05
8	2	4	3	2	70.08
9	3	1	3	4	69.42
10	3	2	4	3	84.70
11	3	3	1	2	56.55
12	3	4	2	1	60.12
13	4	1	4	2	87.31
14	4	2	3	1	78.40
15	4	3	2	4	75.24
16	4	4	1	3	65.65

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Study on reaction mechanism of acid leaching lithium from circulating fluidized bed fly ash

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