纳滤膜脱除磷酸中金属离子的实验研究

doi:10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2023-0134

Abstract

Abstract:

Conventional wet process phosphoric acid production of crude phosphoric acid contains many impurities.A cost-effective and environmentally friendly method for removing impurity ions is necessary.Although nanofiltration membranes have been widely used in water treatment，there are few studies on removing metal ions in acidic systems，especially phosphoric acid systems.The separation performance of five nanofiltration membranes in phosphoric acid was investigated.The results indicated that the rejections of nanofiltration membranes was decreased to varying degrees with increasing concentrations of phosphoric acid and temperature.The materials of the selective separation layer had a significant impact on the separation performance of nanofiltration membranes in phosphoric acid.The interaction of multiple mechanisms，including steric hindrance，dielectric repulsion，and Donnan repulsion，affected the separation efficiency of nanofiltration membranes.Among the investigated commercial membranes，NF4 exhibited the least susceptibility to variations in phosphoric acid concentration and temperature，while demonstrating excellent acid stability.At 30 ℃，the average rejections of Fe³⁺，Al³⁺ and Mg²⁺ in a phosphoric acid solution of 20% P₂O₅ by NF4 were more significant than 84.83%，but the rejection of P was less than 5%，which showed an excellent prospect for application in phosphoric acid purification.

Key words: phosphoric acid, nanofiltration, membrane separation, removing, meta ions

CLC Number:

TQ126.31

TIAN Zhuangzhuang, CHEN Jianjun, JIN Yang, CHEN Ming, LI Jun, LIU Daijun. Experimental study on removing metal ions from phosphoric acid by nanofiltration membrane[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2023, 55(12): 133-139.

Figures/Tables 10

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References 20

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纳滤膜型号	选择分离层	截留率/ %	水通量/ （L·m^-3·h^-1）	pH范围
NF1	聚酰胺	≥99.0	43	1~12
NF2	聚酰胺	≥97.0	55	1~12
NF3	聚酰胺	92.0~95.0	50	1~12
NF4	聚酰胺	85.0~95.0	60	1~12
NF5	聚酰胺	60.0~85.0	65	1~12

磷酸质量分数（以P₂O₅计）/%	w （H₃PO₄）/ %	w （H₂PO₄^-）/ %	H₂PO₄^-浓度/ （10^-3 mol·L^-1）	计算 pH	离子浓度/ （10^-3mol·L^-1）
5	90.6	9.4	68.4	1.16	68.4
10	93.4	6.6	100.3	1.00	100.3
15	94.7	5.3	125.1	0.90	125.1
20	95.5	4.5	147.2	0.83	147.2

纳滤膜型号	MWCO （酸浸前/ 酸浸后）	孔半径/nm （酸浸前/ 酸浸后）	平均有效孔半径μ_p/nm （酸浸前/酸浸后）	几何标准差σ_p（酸浸前/ 酸浸后）
NF2	327/557	0.42/0.57	0.307/0.371	1.272/1.393
NF3	385/1 095	0.46/0.82	0.311/0.471	1.356/1.576
NF4	1 131/665	0.84/0.62	0.388/0.414	1.895/1.366
NF5	600/2 194	0.59/1.21	0.385/0.749	1.402/1.481

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Experimental study on removing metal ions from phosphoric acid by nanofiltration membrane

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