青海某深层含钾卤水蒸发析盐规律研究

doi:10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2024-0493

Abstract

Abstract:

Potassium salt ore is a kind of strategic mineral resource which is in short supply.It is vital for the food security in China.In recent years，multiple deep brines containing potassium are found in the Chaidamu basin of Qinghai province.These brines have great development potential.To develope them，evaporation in the salt field must be carried out using the solar energy and wind energy.The preliminary separation and enrichment of the valuable components are achieved by evaporation in the salt field.Brine evaporation experiment and research on phase equilibrium and phase diagram are the essential basic work for evaporation in the salt field.So taking the deep brine in Qinghai province as the research object，the indoor evaporation experiment was carried out.The evaporation route and salt crystallization law of the brine were researched.The main parameters for controling the separation point of the potassium salt precipitation were determined.The experimental results showed that the crystallization route of the brine was consistent with the phase diagrams of Na⁺，K⁺，Mg²⁺//Cl^--H₂O system at 25 ℃ and K⁺，Ca²⁺，Mg²⁺//Cl^--H₂O system at 25 ℃.And the sequence of the mineral crystallization during evaporation was trace dihydrate gypsum，halite，carnallite and bischofite.When the brine density was in the 1.308~1.398 g/cm³ range，potassium of the brine was only precipitated in the form of carnallite mineral，and the precipitation stage was relatively concentrated.So it was beneficial to the processing and utilization of carnallite.The precipitation rate of potassium was 86.54% with potassium content of 9.80%.Trace elements of boron，bromine and lithium were enriched throughout the evaporation process.The contents of boron and bromine in the final tail brine were up to 2 279.60 mg/L and 832.92 mg/L.The two elements of the tail brine was significant for comprehensive utilization.The research result would provide a scientific basis for the later exploitation and utilization of the deep brine containing potassium.

Key words: deep potassium brine, evaporation, phase diagram, carnallite, salt crystallization

CLC Number:

TQ131.13

ZHANG Lizhen, YI Yuejun, SHI Lijie, ZHANG Xiufeng, MA Yameng, TAN Xiumin. Study on evaporation and salt crystallization law of deep brine containing potassium in Qinghai[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2025, 57(8): 35-40.

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References 17

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日期	气温/ ℃	湿度/ %	卤温/℃	密度/ （g·cm^-3）	pH	液相质量/kg	成卤率/%	液相编号	固相编号
2023.6.13	35	26	26.9	1.193	5.93	118.11	100.00	L0	—
2023.7.06	31	44	29.7	1.211	5.35	50.75	51.95	L1	S1
2023.7.27	30	59	30.5	1.230	4.42	23.65	20.02	L2	S2
2023.8.01	32	40	35.3	1.288	3.08	12.85	10.88	L3	S3
2023.8.16	31	42	31.0	1.308	2.97	11.18	9.46	L4	S4
2023.9.07	31	52	30.8	1.398	2.25	6.75	5.72	L5	S5
2023.9.21	29	42	31.2	1.410	2.04	5.10	4.32	L6	S6

液相编号	质量浓度/（g·L^-1）						质量浓度/（mg·L^-1）
液相编号	K	Na	Ca	Mg	SO₄^2-	Cl	Li	B₂O₃	Br
L0	2.01	99.64	5.90	6.01	1.11	177.50	2.09	107.00	52.90
L1	4.68	86.68	12.04	13.40	0.68	202.00	6.48	272.12	125.20
L2	11.00	56.32	27.68	31.12	0.44	244.84	22.20	510.80	198.48
L3	17.84	13.64	44.40	50.64	0.17	274.36	22.88	1 008.40	434.64
L4	20.80	8.92	51.76	59.36	0.10	306.52	26.64	1 192.80	508.12
L5	1.60	1.84	86.92	78.04	0.06	422.12	47.20	1 975.20	771.68
L6	1.28	1.56	102.08	72.92	0.03	407.04	55.32	2 279.60	823.92

固相编号	质量分数/%
固相编号	w（K）	w（Na）	w（Ca）	w（Mg）	w（Li）	w（B₂O₃）	w（Br）	w（SO₄^2-）	w（Cl）
S1	0.04	36.97	0.35	0.11	0	0.002 2	0.003 3	0.600 0	58.49
S2	0.06	36.45	0.22	0.15	0.000 08	0.000 3	0.003 7	0.260 0	58.39
S3	0.19	35.78	0.54	0.49	0.000 18	0.001 8	0.005 9	0.220 0	57.35
S4	0.32	35.54	0.35	0.48	0.000 18	0.000 5	0.005 6	0.082 0	56.82
S5	9.80	3.72	1.02	7.17	0.000 37	0.005 4	0.026 0	0.032 0	38.37
S6	0.31	0.31	1.52	10.98	0.000 84	0.010 0	0.056 0	0.000 1	33.72

蒸发阶段	固相编号	质量分数/%	析出率/%	合计/%
石盐段	S1	Na：36.97	59.76	95.03
	S2	Na：36.45	26.16
	S3	Na：35.78	8.52
	S4	Na：35.54	0.59
光卤石段	S5	K：9.80 Mg：7.17	86.54 21.18	86.54 21.18
水氯镁石段	S6	Mg：10.98	13.98	13.98

National Inorganic Salts Information Center

Inorganic Acid-Base-Salt Committee of CIESC

Study on evaporation and salt crystallization law of deep brine containing potassium in Qinghai

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