光卤石原矿品位对其冷分解结晶氯化钾过程影响浅析

doi:10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2023-0516

Abstract

Abstract:

Cold decomposition of carnallite is the main process of producing potassium chloride in China.However，the declining grade of carnallite ore has posed a challenge to the industrial development of potassium chloride.The resulting process produces potassium chloride with issues such as smaller particle size，increased tendency to aggregate，lower purity，and reduced yield.In this review，the quality of potassium ore in different regions was compared at first.The effect of raw ore quality on the salt precipitation order of the decomposition process was overviewed based on the thermodynamic phase equilibrium of the quaternary system（Na⁺，K⁺，Mg²⁺//Cl^--H₂O） and its sub⁃systems.From the kinetic perspective of the decomposition⁃crystallization coupling process，the crucial factors and underlying mechanisms for regulating the particle size and morphologies of potassium chloride crystals during the cold decomposition⁃crystallization process（CDCP） of different grades of carnallite raw ore were summarized.In addition，combined with the current product standards，a novel classification method and corresponding process⁃selection strategy for low⁃sodium carnallite，sodium⁃containing carnallite，and high⁃sodium carnallite were proposed.And the new CDCP for different grades of carnallite raw ore was prospected，in the hope of providing theoretical guidance and references for the sustainable development of the industry.

Key words: carnallite, potassium chloride, cold?decomposition and crystallization, water?salt system phase equilibrium, size and size distribution

CLC Number:

TS311

GUO Kaihua, FAN Yuxin, YANG Jing, ZHAO Wenli, JIA Yuanyuan, WANG Yanfei. Analysis of effect of carnallite raw ore grade on its cold decomposition and crystallization of potassium chloride[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2024, 56(8): 9-18.

Figures/Tables 10

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温度/℃	KCl收率/%	固含量/%
25	83.86	15.01
10	87.64	15.36
0	88.30	15.34

工艺名称	产品质量	收率/%
冷分解-正浮选法	粒度小，超过80%的产品粒度<88 μm	50~60^［26］
冷结晶-正浮选	纯度95%左右，平均粒度>200 μm^［27］	≥70^［28］
反浮选-冷结晶	纯度95%左右，平均粒度＞250 μm	>79.6^［29］

光卤石矿	n（NaCl）/n（KCl）	n（MgCl₂）/n（KCl）
普通矿	<1.80	1.40~1.80
高镁矿	<1.80	≥1.80
高钠矿	≥1.80	1.40~1.80
高镁高钠矿	≥1.80	≥1.80

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Inorganic Acid-Base-Salt Committee of CIESC

Analysis of effect of carnallite raw ore grade on its cold decomposition and crystallization of potassium chloride

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