黑磷的制备及储能应用研究进展

doi:10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2021-0245

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

黑磷作为一种新型的精细磷化工产品,因其高的理论比容量、高的载流子迁移率及良好的导电性而在储能领域具有很好的应用前景。近年来,针对黑磷、纳米黑磷的制备及其储能应用,涌现出了许多新技术、新方法与新策略。在黑磷的制备方面,开发了加压法（高压法、机械球磨法）和催化法（铋熔化法、汞回流法、矿化法）制备技术,但仍未能实现黑磷的连续化制备;在纳米黑磷的制备方面,开发了自上而下法（机械剥离法、超声剥离法、剪切剥离法、电化学剥离法）和自下而上法（溶剂热法、化学气相沉积法）,然而,高质量、高产率纳米黑磷的精确可控制备技术还有待开发。此外,黑磷在应用于储能领域时,大的体积膨胀使得电池储能性能变差,通过纳米化并与其他材料复合制备纳米黑磷基复合材料,发挥协同作用,一定程度上能够缓解以上问题。从黑磷、纳米黑磷的制备及其在储能领域的应用三个方面进行综述,旨在为高品质黑磷及纳米黑磷的高效率、低成本、可控及规模化制备提供借鉴思路,为其在储能领域的发展方向奠定基础。

关键词: 黑磷, 纳米黑磷, 制备技术, 纳米黑磷基复合材料, 储能

Abstract:

As a novel fine phosphorus chemical product,black phosphorus has a promising application prospect in energy ator-age due to its high theoretical specific capacity,high carrier mobility, and good conductivity.In recent years,many new techno-logies,methods,and strategies have been emerged for the preparation and energy storage application of black phosphorus and nano-black phosphorus.In terms of the preparation of black phosphorus,the prepared techniques of pressurized method（high pressure method,mechanical ball milling method） and catalytic method（bismuth melting method,mercury reflux method and mineralization method） have been developed.However, the continuous preparation of black phosphorus was still not realized; in the aspect of the preparation of nano-black phosphorus,the top-down method（mechanical stripping,ultrasonic stripping,shear stripping,electrochemical stripping） and bottom-up method（solvothermal method,chemical vapor deposition method）have been developed.Nevertheless,the precise controllable preparation technology of high-quality and high-yield nano-black pho-sphorus has yet to be developed.Additionally,when black phosphorus is applied in energy storage,the occurrence of large volume expansion would lead to poor energy storage performance of the battery.The nano-black phosphorus matrix composites are prepared by nanosizing and compounding with other materials to play a synergistic role,which can alleviate the above problem to a certain extent.The three aspects including the preparation black phosphorus and nano-black phosphorus,and its application in energy storage were reviewed,aiming to provide a reference idea for efficient,low-cost,controllable and largescale preparation of black phosphorus and nano-black phosphorus, and lay the foundation for its development direction in the field of energy storage.

Key words: black phosphorus, nano black phosphorus, preparation techniques, nano black phosphorus matrix composite materials, energy storage

中图分类号:

TQ126.31

蒋运才,李雪梅,吴兆贤,曹昌蝶,梅毅,廉培超. 黑磷的制备及储能应用研究进展[J]. 无机盐工业, 2021, 53(6): 59-71.

Jiang Yuncai,Li Xuemei,Wu Zhaoxian,Cao Changdie,Mei Yi,Lian Peichao. Research progress on preparation and application in energy storage of black phosphorus[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2021, 53(6): 59-71.

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