无机盐工业
主管:中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司
主办:中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司
   中海油炼油化工科学研究院(北京)有限公司
   中国化工学会无机酸碱盐专业委员会
ISSN 1006-4990 CN 12-1069/TQ

无机盐工业 ›› 2023, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (12): 133-139.doi: 10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2023-0134

• 环境·健康·安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

纳滤膜脱除磷酸中金属离子的实验研究

田壮壮1,2(), 陈建钧1,2(), 金央1,2, 陈明1,2, 李军1,2, 刘代俊1,2   

  1. 1.四川大学化学工程学院,四川 成都 610065
    2.教育部磷资源综合利用与 清洁加工工程研究中心,四川 成都 610065
  • 收稿日期:2023-03-13 出版日期:2023-12-10 发布日期:2023-12-14
  • 通讯作者: 陈建钧(1976— ),男,副教授,主要研究方向为中低品位磷矿的清洁利用和精细磷酸盐在高分子材料中的应用;E-mail:chenjianjun@scu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:田壮壮(1996— ),男,硕士,主要研究方向为磷酸净化;E-mail:tianzhuangzhuang6@126.com

Experimental study on removing metal ions from phosphoric acid by nanofiltration membrane

TIAN Zhuangzhuang1,2(), CHEN Jianjun1,2(), JIN Yang1,2, CHEN Ming1,2, LI Jun1,2, LIU Daijun1,2   

  1. 1. School of Chemical Engineering,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China
    2. Engineering Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization and Cleaning Process of Phosphate Resource,Ministry of Education,Chengdu 610065,China
  • Received:2023-03-13 Published:2023-12-10 Online:2023-12-14

摘要:

湿法磷酸中含有大量多价金属离子,需要通过低成本、低污染的途径去除。纳滤膜已经在水处理中得到广泛应用,但对于酸性体系尤其是磷酸体系中金属离子脱除的研究还很少。通过对5种纳滤膜在磷酸中的分离性能进行研究,结果表明:随着磷酸浓度和温度的升高,纳滤膜对金属离子的截留率有不同程度的下降;选择分离层材质对纳滤膜在磷酸中的分离性能有很大的影响;纳滤膜的分离效果受到空间位阻、介电排斥、Donnan排斥多重机制相互作用的影响。在研究的商业膜中,NF4的分离性能受磷酸浓度和温度变化影响最小,且具有良好的酸稳定性。在30 ℃条件下,NF4对P2O5质量分数为20%的磷酸溶液中的Fe3+、Al3+、Mg2+平均截留率均大于84.83%,对磷酸的截留率小于5%,在磷酸净化中有很好的应用前景。

关键词: 磷酸, 纳滤, 膜分离, 脱除, 金属离子

Abstract:

Conventional wet process phosphoric acid production of crude phosphoric acid contains many impurities.A cost-effective and environmentally friendly method for removing impurity ions is necessary.Although nanofiltration membranes have been widely used in water treatment,there are few studies on removing metal ions in acidic systems,especially phosphoric acid systems.The separation performance of five nanofiltration membranes in phosphoric acid was investigated.The results indicated that the rejections of nanofiltration membranes was decreased to varying degrees with increasing concentrations of phosphoric acid and temperature.The materials of the selective separation layer had a significant impact on the separation performance of nanofiltration membranes in phosphoric acid.The interaction of multiple mechanisms,including steric hindrance,dielectric repulsion,and Donnan repulsion,affected the separation efficiency of nanofiltration membranes.Among the investigated commercial membranes,NF4 exhibited the least susceptibility to variations in phosphoric acid concentration and temperature,while demonstrating excellent acid stability.At 30 ℃,the average rejections of Fe3+,Al3+ and Mg2+ in a phosphoric acid solution of 20% P2O5 by NF4 were more significant than 84.83%,but the rejection of P was less than 5%,which showed an excellent prospect for application in phosphoric acid purification.

Key words: phosphoric acid, nanofiltration, membrane separation, removing, meta ions

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