冶炼废渣吸附脱除硫化氢的研究进展

doi:10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2021-0095

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

硫化氢（H₂S）是一种对大气环境和人体健康有严重危害的高毒性污染物,广泛存在于自然界及多种生产过程中。干法脱硫因其操作简单、稳定性强、脱硫效率高等优点广泛应用于含H₂S尾气的脱除,吸附法是最常用的干法脱硫方式。但吸附剂在吸附过程中的损耗较大,对脱硫效果有一定的制约,增加了成本。来源广、数量大的冶炼废渣具有表面物理化学性质突出的特点,是一种潜在的新型H₂S吸附剂。通过综述不同冶炼废渣吸附剂脱除H₂S的研究进展,分析了其优点及不足,并讨论了影响吸附的因素及吸附剂的再生。最后针对目前存在的研究方案单一、吸附剂改性方式少等问题,提出未来研究方向包括设置多组分动态穿透吸附实验、探究多种改性方式等。

关键词: 硫化氢, 吸附剂, 再生, 冶炼废渣

Abstract:

Hydrogen sulfide（H₂S） is a kind of highly toxic pollutant which seriously endangers atmospheric environment and human health.H₂S widely exists in nature and many production processes.Dry desulfurization is widely used in the removal of H₂S-containing exhaust gas due to its advantages such as easy operation,strong stability and high desulfurization efficiency.Adsorption is the most common method of dry desulfurization.However,the adsorbent is consumed in large quantities during the adsorbing process,which restricts the desulfurization effect and increases the cost.Smelting waste slag is a potential desulfurizer,which has the characteristics of wide sources,large quantity and excellent surface physicochemical properties.The research progress of H₂S removal by different adsorbents of smelting waste slags was summarized,its advantages and disadvantages were analyzed,and factors of affecting adsorption and regeneration of adsorbent were discussed.Finally,in view of the existing problems such as single research scheme and few modification methods of adsorbent,future research directions were proposed,including setting up multi-component dynamic breakthrough adsorption test and exploring a variety of modification methods.

Key words: hydrogen sulfide, adsorbent, regeneration, smelting waste slag

中图分类号:

TQ125.12

姜琦,何永美,吴泳霖,蒋明. 冶炼废渣吸附脱除硫化氢的研究进展[J]. 无机盐工业, 2021, 53(11): 36-41.

JIANG Qi,HE Yongmei,WU Yonglin,JIANG Ming. Research progress of adsorption removal of hydrogen sulfide by smelting waste slag[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2021, 53(11): 36-41.

图/表 4

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吸附材料	粒径大小	吸附条件	H₂S浓度	H₂S最高去除能力
LD 钢渣^[21]	<212 μm; 212~500 μm	固定床;室温（25 ℃±2 ℃）	1×10^-3 （体积分数）	180 mg/kg
BOF 钢渣^[22]	<1 mm; 1~6 mm	间歇式反应器,300 r/min搅拌;室温（20 ℃）	20% （体积分数）	119 g/kg
BOF 钢渣^[23]	<0.106 mm; 0.106~4.75 mm	固定床	20% （体积分数）	38 g/kg
钢渣^[24]	<0.15 mm; 0.15~0.85 mm	固定床;50 ℃	911 mg/m³	98.86%

分类	吸附剂	再生方式	再生次数	再生效率/%
矿渣^[27]	30%粒化高炉矿渣改性土壤	自然通风1 h	3	82.0
氨浸渣^[30]	大洋锰结核氨浸渣	热空气氧化再生	9	97.9
氨浸渣^[32]	氨浸渣煅烧产物	常温空气氧化再生	4	62.8
赤泥^[37]	赤泥脱硫剂	常温空气氧化再生	4	62.7

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