磷酸锰锂锂离子电池正极材料研究进展

doi:10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2020-0540

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

锂离子电池（LIB）由于具有工作电压和能量密度高、循环寿命长、无记忆效应和自放电小等优点被认为是动力电池的最佳选择。磷酸锰锂（LiMnPO₄,LMP）锂离子电池正极材料具有良好的热稳定性和高的工作电压,具有广阔的应用前景,但是尚需攻克电导率不足和循环稳定性差等技术瓶颈。为提升LMP的电化学性能,利用液相法制备形貌可控、尺寸均一的LMP,可有效地缩短锂离子的传输距离,充分缓解充放电过程中相界面的应力过大问题,有利于LMP倍率性能和循环稳定性的提升。体相掺杂在提升材料本征电导率、锂离子扩散系数和稳定材料结构等方面具有独特的优势,其中铁掺杂具有重要的研究意义。另外,改进合成工艺,制备具有特定结构、特定元素分布的复合正极材料,对提升材料的综合性能具有显著优势。系统总结了近年来在材料纳米化、离子掺杂及材料复合等方面对LMP改性的研究进展,认为开发纳米LiFe_xMn_1-_xPO₄（0<x<0.5）复合材料将成为新的发展趋势。

关键词: 磷酸锰锂, 正极材料, 电化学性能, 体相掺杂, 表面改性

Abstract:

Lithium ion battery（LIB） is considered as the best choice for power battery because of its advantages such as high working voltage and energy density,long cycle life,no memory effect and small self-discharge.Lithium manganese phosphate（LiMnPO₄,LMP） is a promising cathode material for lithium-ion batteries,which has good thermal stability and high operating voltage,but still need to overcome some technical bottlenecks such as insufficient conductivity and poor cycling stability.In order to improve the electrochemical performance of LMP,LMP with uniform particle size and controllable morphology can be prepared by liquid phase method,which can effectively shorten the transmission distance of Li⁺,fully alleviate the problem of excessive stress at the phase interface in the process of charging and discharging.It is conducive to improve the rate perfor-mance and cyclic stability.Bulk phase doping has unique advantages in improving intrinsic conductivity,Li⁺ diffusion coefficient and stabilizing material structure,among which Fe doping has important research significance.In addition,improving the synthesis process to prepare composite cathode materials with specific structure and specific element distribution has signi-ficant advantages to improve the comprehensive performance of the materials.The research progress of the modification of LMP in the aspects of material nanocrity,ion doping and material composite in recent years was summarized systematically.It was considered that the development of nano-LiFe_xMn_1-_xPO₄（0<x<0.5） composites would become a new development trend.

Key words: lithium manganese（Ⅱ） phosphate, cathode materials, electrochemical performance, bulk doping, surface Modification

中图分类号:

TQ131.11

简梦奇,张堃,谢鑫,陈锡勇. 磷酸锰锂锂离子电池正极材料研究进展[J]. 无机盐工业, 2021, 53(9): 18-23.

Jian Mengqi,Zhang Kun,Xie Xin,Chen Xiyong. Research progress of LiMnPO₄ cathode material for lithium ion batteries[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2021, 53(9): 18-23.

图/表 3

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