铝酸钙飞灰中钾的回收利用工艺研究

doi:10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2022-0692

Abstract

Abstract:

Potassium is one of the plant nutrient elements.China is a large agricultural country，meanwhile，China is deficient in potassium.Every year，a large amount of potassium fertilizer（mainly potassium chloride） are imported to meet the needs of agriculture.A solid waste-fly ash is produced in the course of production of calcium aluminate by calcination.The fly ash contains potassium chloride，aphthitalite，syngenite，anhydrite，etc.Among these minerals，potassium chloride and aphthitalite are water-soluble.The content of soluble potassium in the fly ash is as high as about 23.52%，so it′s necessary to recycle the potassium.The results of its mineral characterization and theoretical analysis based on phase-diagram data showed that it was suitable for recycling of potassium to adopt process of thermal dissolution-evaporation-cold crystallization process.Potassium sulfate and potassium chloride could be produced.The investigation of the process condition and optimization were done.The optimal conditions were as follows：the temperature of thermal dissolution and cold crystallization，the liquid-solid ratio，dissolving time were 90 ℃ and 25 ℃，3.4:1，1 h，respectively.After continuous dissolving of 6 times，about 95% of potassium was dissolved.According to composition of the leaching liquid，the amount of water evaporation was as same as the theoretical analysis.And 81.3% of potassium was crystallized under the conditions.The results showed that it was available to recycle the potassium from the fly ash by dissolution-crystallization process to produce potassium sulfate and potassium chloride.

Key words: calcium aluminate, fly ash, soluble potassium, potassium sulfate, potassium chloride

CLC Number:

TQ131.13

YANG Hongjun, WANG Min, GE Haiwen, QIAO Youmin, QIAO Ziyang. Study on recycling process of potassium from calcium aluminate fly ash[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2023, 55(10): 121-127.

Figures/Tables 13

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References 18

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温度/ ℃	液相组成/%			固相
温度/ ℃	J（Na₂²⁺）	J（SO₄^2-）	J（H₂O）	固相
25	100.0	19.9	1 590	NaCl+Na₂SO₄
	85.2	20.9	1 460	NaCl+Na₂SO₄+Gla
	80.0	13.6	1 460	NaCl+Gla
	75.0	9.4	1 465	NaCl+Gla
	70.5	6.5	1 465	NaCl+Gla+KCl
	70.0	0.0	1 525	NaCl+KCl
	86.2	30.0	1 540	Na₂SO₄+Gla
	87.5	50.0	1 650	Na₂SO₄+Gla
	87.8	57.0	1 660	Na₂SO₄+S₁₀+Gla
	100.0	46.5	1 730	Na₂SO₄+S₁₀
	87.3	60.0	1 690	S₁₀+Gla
	84.4	80.0	1 880	S₁₀+Gla
	81.3	100.0	2 070	S₁₀+Gla
	60.0	6.2	1 600	Gla+KCl
	40.0	5.5	1 855	Gla+KCl
	32.5	5.4	1 940	Gla+KCl+K₂SO₄
	34.0	20.0	2 930	Gla+K₂SO₄
	35.7	40.0	3 740	Gla+K₂SO₄
	37.6	60.0	4 160	Gla+K₂SO₄
	38.8	80.0	4 370	Gla+K₂SO₄
	39.1	100.0	4 445	Gla+K₂SO₄
	20.0	4.6	2 085	Gla+K₂SO₄
	0.0	3.5	2 285	Gla+K₂SO₄
100	100.0	12.2	1 530	NaCl+Na₂SO₄
	80.0	13.7	1 370	NaCl+Na₂SO₄
	70.0	14.4	1 290	NaCl+Na₂SO₄+Gla
	60.0	8.9	1 215	NaCl+Gla
	49.5	5.4	1 145	NaCl+Gla+KCl
	49.7	0.0	1 180	NaCl+KCl
	71.5	20.0	1 355	Na₂SO₄+Gla
	74.5	40.0	1 535	Na₂SO₄+Gla
	76.3	60.0	1 605	Na₂SO₄+Gla
	77.6	80.0	1 555	Na₂SO₄+Gla
	78.7	100.0	1 470	Na₂SO₄+Gla
	40.0	5.3	1 225	Gla+KCl
	30.0	5.1	1 300	Gla+KCl
	19.8	4.8	1 375	Gla+KCl+K₂SO₄
	21.0	20.0	2 100	Gla+K₂SO₄
	22.7	40.0	2 530	Gla+K₂SO₄
	24.4	60.0	2 725	Gla+K₂SO₄
	25.7	80.0	2 820	Gla+K₂SO₄
	26.8	100.0	2 850	Gla+K₂SO₄
	10.0	4.3	1 420	KCl+K₂SO₄
	0.0	3.9	1 450	KCl+K₂SO₄

序号	淡水量/ g	水量为理论值的倍数	浸取液中K⁺质量分数/%	K⁺溶出率/ %
1	466.0	1.1	7.54	43.0
2	512.0	1.3	7.17	53.5
3	680.0	2.0	6.78	64.7
4	920.0	3.0	4.86	78.7

序号	时间/h	溶出液中K⁺质量分数/%	K⁺的溶出率/%
1	6	7.51	47.2
2	4	6.78	64.7
3	2	5.50	70.4
4	1	5.31	75.0

序号	溶浸次数	溶出液中K⁺质量分数/%	K⁺的溶出率/%
1	4	7.95	78.2
2	5	9.62	81.2
3	6	12.60	95.2

阶段	名称		质量/g	质量分数/%
阶段	名称		质量/g	K⁺	Cl^-	SO₄^2-	Na⁺
Ⅰ	入料	浸取液	500.0	12.60	11.46	2.45	1.20
	出料	母液1	401.6	12.99	13.07	0.92	1.52
		固相1	18.2	43.23	4.36	48.47	0.62
		水	56.0	—	—	—	—
Ⅱ	入料	母液1	385.2	12.99	13.07	0.92	1.52
	出料	母液2	95.6	6.32	14.74	1.27	6.73
		固相2	92.1	47.10	43.55	2.56	2.59
		水	189.5	—	—	—	—

National Inorganic Salts Information Center

Inorganic Acid-Base-Salt Committee of CIESC

Study on recycling process of potassium from calcium aluminate fly ash

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