硅铝添加剂对机械化学法稳定飞灰中重金属的影响机制研究

doi:10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2022-0401

Abstract

Abstract:

Bentonite，kaolin，silica fume and red mud were used as silicon-aluminum additives to stabilize heavy metals in municipal solid waste incineration（MSWI） fly ash（FA） by mechanochemical method.The experiment results indicated that the composition of the immobilized products was related to the Si/Al ratio of the additives.There were okenite，calcite and calcium oxide in immobilized products derived by adding bentonite.The main phases of immobilized products were hydrocalumite and calcite，when kaolin or red mud was used as additive.For silica fume，calcite and a few of calsil were found in immobilized products.The agglomeration would happen after mechanochemical process，which leading to increasing of the pore diameter.The results showed that the leaching of Pb and Zn was inhibited after mechanochemical process.Furthermore，the oxidable form and residual form of Pb and Zn in FA was increased after mechanochemical reaction with silicon-aluminum additives.By comprehensive comparison，the order of immobilization effect was red mud>kaolin≈silica fume>bentonite.The encapsulation and agglomeration of particles，newly formed hydrocalumite and calsil，the elution of soluble salt were major cause of the solidification/stabilization of heavy metals in MSWI fly ash by mechanochemical method with external silicon-aluminum additives.

Key words: fly ash, mechanochemistry, heavy metals, red mud

CLC Number:

X705

LI Wen, WANG Wenxiang, FANG Hongsheng, WU Pingxiao. Study on effect mechanism of silicon-aluminum additives on stabilization of heavy metals in fly ash by mechanochemical stabilization method[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2023, 55(4): 84-91.

Figures/Tables 10

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编号	添加剂	液体	编号	添加剂	液体
MC-1	无	纯水	MC-4	高岭土	NaOH溶液
MC-2	无	NaOH溶液	MC-5	硅灰	NaOH溶液
MC-3	膨润土	NaOH溶液	MC-6	赤泥	NaOH溶液

原料	主要元素质量分数¹/%								重金属质量分数²/%
原料	Na	Al	Si	Fe	Ca	Mg	K	Cl	Pb	Zn	Cr
FA	3.37	0.77	1.86	0.55	28.82	0.84	4.01	22.37	0.22	0.84	0.13
膨润土	1.56	14.56	58.45	4.46	5.23	2.56	4.14	0.02	—	—	—
煅烧高岭土	0.06	46.39	48.64	0.49	0.35	0.11	0.21	—	—	—	—
硅灰	—	0.13	43.95	0.19	—	—	—	0.03	—	—	—
赤泥	8.46	11.12	12.28	16.22	2.34	0.19	1.29	0.18	—	—	0.02

样品编号	S_BET/（m²·g^-1）	V_P/（cm³·g^-1）	D_P/nm
MC-3	44.80	0.16	14.23
MC-4	43.27	0.20	18.50
MC-5	64.13	0.27	17.09
MC-6	34.36	0.16	18.93

样品编号	浸出浓度/（mg·L^-1）			浸出系数/%
样品编号	Pb	Cr	Zn	Pb	Cr	Zn
FA	16.04±0.80	2.15±0.04	1.28±0.04	5.94	1.34	0.13
MC-1	2.24±0.16	1.91±0.07	0.34±0.05	0.83	1.19	0.03
MC-2	1.71±0.25	1.20±0.23	0.41±0.04	0.63	0.74	0.04
MC-3	0.11±0.01	0.73±0.13	<0.001	0.05	0.65	0.00
MC-4	0.05±0.01	2.34±0.47	<0.001	0.02	2.09	0.00
MC-5	0.04±0.01	3.40±0.26	<0.001	0.02	3.04	0.00
MC-6	0.02±0.01	0.17±0.08	<0.001	0.01	0.15	0.00
浓度限值（GB 5085.3—2007）	5	15	100	—	—	—

样品编号	ρ（Pb）/（mg·L^-1）	ρ（Cr）/（mg·L^-1）	ρ（Zn）/（mg·L^-1）
MC-1	0.44	3.25	0.05
MC-2	0.29	5.22	0.13
MC-3	0.05	1.58	0.08
MC-4	0.25	1.77	0.02
MC-5	0.05	2.75	0.40
MC-6	0.05	1.05	0.09

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Inorganic Acid-Base-Salt Committee of CIESC

Study on effect mechanism of silicon-aluminum additives on stabilization of heavy metals in fly ash by mechanochemical stabilization method

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