Ca/Al/La LDH对磷石膏可溶性磷的固化研究

doi:10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2024-0057

Abstract

Abstract:

Phosphogypsum（PG） is a by-product of the wet phosphoric acid process which contains soluble phosphorous with a mass fraction of 1% to 2%.Stockpiling of large amount of PG will cause serious environmental issues.In this study，Ca/Al/La hydrotalcite（LDH） materials were synthesized by using mechanochemical method and then applied for the solidification of the soluble phosphorus in PG.The effects of synthesis condition on solidification capacity were analyzed and the physiochemical characteristics of gypsum blocks using PG before and after treatment were compared.X-ray diffractometer（XRD），Fourier infrared spectrometer（FT-IR），scanning electron microscope（SEM） and particle size analyzer were applied to explore the effects of the LDH-material dosage on soluble phosphorus solidification efficiency and PG microstructure.The results showed that the optimal synthesis conditions were using 6%（volume fraction） ethanol as the dispersant with a molar ratio of n［Ca（OH）₂］∶n［Al（OH）₃］∶n［La₂（CO₃）₃∙xH₂O］=12∶6∶1，ball milling speed of 600 r/min，and ball milling time of 1 h，which showed best solidification effects on soluble phosphorus.With addition of 1 g/L of LDH materials，the solidification efficiency of soluble phosphorus in PG was up to 89.95% for Ca/Al/La LDH（ethanol），superior than Ca/Al LDH（78.70%） and Ca/Al/La LDH（80.86%）.Ethanol enabled the LDH materials to be uniformly dispersed in PG and therefore could more effectively combine with soluble phosphorus，improving the solidification performance.The flexural and compressive strengths of gypsum blocks prepared using treated PG reached 6.60 MPa and 9.30 MPa，respectively，which were in accordance with the standard of construction gypsum（level 2），and thus provided a feasible approach towards the harmlessness and resourcefulness of PG.

Key words: phosphogypsum, hydrotalcite, soluble phosphorus solidification, β-hemihydrate gypsum

CLC Number:

TQ132.32

YANG Yuqing, LUO Aiwen, WANG Jie, WU Chenjie, QU Jun, XU Zhigao, DU Dongyun, CAO Yanmin. Study on solidification of soluble phosphorus in phosphogypsum by Ca/Al/La LDH[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2024, 56(12): 134-141.

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References 19

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固化剂用量/ （g·L^-1）	可溶性磷质量分数/%
固化剂用量/ （g·L^-1）	Ca/Al LDH	Ca/Al/La LDH	Ca/Al/La LDH（乙醇）
1	0.34	0.30	0.16
2	0.27	0.19	0.12
3	0.26	0.17	0.11
4	0.21	0.16	0.05
5	0.20	0.14	0.04

固化剂	比表面积/（m²·kg^-1）	平均粒径/μm
Ca/Al LDH	105.75	87.44
Ca/Al/La LDH	87.94	88.10
Ca/Al/La LDH（乙醇）	103.85	99.23

温度/ ℃	材料	w（标准稠度用水）/%	凝结时间/min		3 d强度/MPa
温度/ ℃	材料	w（标准稠度用水）/%	初凝时间	终凝时间	抗折	抗压
170	Ca/Al/La LDH	63	4.00	6.05	5.20	8.70
	Ca/Al LDH	59	4.03	4.90	3.90	6.50
	Ca/Al/La LDH（乙醇）	65	4.10	4.70	6.60	9.30
	磷石膏	60	5.45	6.40	5.40	8.60

温度/ ℃	材料	w（标准稠度用水）/%	凝结时间/min
温度/ ℃	材料	w（标准稠度用水）/%	初凝时间	终凝时间
140	Ca/Al/La LDH（乙醇）	65	11.20	>30
150			6.78	7.03
160			4.21	6.18
170			4.10	4.70
180			3.32	5.22

名称	项目	数量	单价	消耗额/元	备注
磷石膏固化	碳酸镧	180.4 g	1万元/t	1.80	每得到1 t合格的磷石膏需原料1 250 kg
	氢氧化钙	700.75 g	400元/t	0.28
	氢氧化铝	368.85 g	2 000元/t	0.74
	乙醇	75 mL	4 700元/t	0.44
	水	0.625 m³	4元/ m³	2.50
	电	250 kW·h	0.725元/（kW·h）	181.25
β-建筑石膏粉	燃料、动力费	1 t		81.50
	合计			268.51

National Inorganic Salts Information Center

Inorganic Acid-Base-Salt Committee of CIESC

Study on solidification of soluble phosphorus in phosphogypsum by Ca/Al/La LDH

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