二维蛭石纳米片的制备及其环境吸附功能的研究进展

doi:10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2023-0619

Abstract

Abstract:

Vermiculite（Vrm） is a layered silicate mineral with unique physical and chemical properties such as layered structure，interlayer ion exchangeability，large specific surface area，and nano⁃layer interlayer space.It is widely distributed，abundant in reserves and low in price.Vrm is thus a good environmental adsorbent material for pollutant removal from water bodies.Due to the stacking of vermiculite flake layers，the huge internal specific surface is difficult to be exposed，which limits its adsorption capacity for pollutants.Exfoliating natural vermiculite into two⁃dimensional nanoflakes with nanoscale thickness is an effective way to obtain the huge internal specific surface area and improve its adsorption performance.In this paper，the preparation methods of 2D vermiculite nanosheets in recent years were reviewed，including thermal expansion exfoliating pretreatment method，physical exfoliating method，chemical exfoliating method，and combined physical-chemical exfoliating technology，and the advantages and disadvantages of these methods were summarized and compared.The research progress on the adsorption properties of exfoliated vermiculite to some water pollutants was briefly described.The purpose of this paper was to provide ideas for seeking the high yield exfoliating method of vermiculite and the high value⁃added application of exfoliated vermiculite in environmental adsorption.Finally，the development trend of 2D vermiculite materials was prospected.

Key words: vermiculite, two?dimensional materials, exfoliation, nanosheet, adsorption

CLC Number:

O647.3

XIONG Chengrong, CHEN Yan, TANG Miao, ZHANG Fengze, ZHOU Tianxiang, OUYANG Ruifeng, DONG Gang, SHI Wei, ZENG Tao, CHEN Yunxia, SU Xiaoli. Research progress on preparation of 2D vermiculite nanosheets and their environmental adsorption of pollutants[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2024, 56(8): 19-26.

Figures/Tables 4

Fig.1

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

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蛭石类型	离子交换试剂	处理方式	薄片厚度/nm
蛭石^［5］	NaCl、LiCl	超声处理	1.5
蛭石^［21］	HCl	超声、剪切处理	3
蛭石^［27］	NaCl、LiCl	超声处理	3
蛭石^［29］	NaCl、LiCl	超声处理	1
蛭石^［31］	NaCl、LiCl、H₂O₂	超声处理	3
蛭石^［32］	H₂O₂	超声处理	170
蛭石^［33］	NaCl、LiCl、H₂O₂	超声处理	1.5
蛭石^［34］	NaCl、LiCl	剪切处理	2.61
蛭石^［35］	NaCl、LiCl	超声处理	0.9

剥离方法		优点	缺点
物理法	球磨、剪切法	可规模化生产，成本较低，适用于大部分二维材料的制备	横向尺寸较小，可能存在缺陷，产率低
物理法	超声法	技术简便，结构保存较为完整，适用于大部分二维材料的制备	耗能较高，不宜规模化生产，产率低
化学法	离子交换法	结构保存较为完整，产率较高	不能规模化生产，对环境产生污染
物理-化学联合技术		产率高，获得横向尺寸大的单层二维蛭石纳米片，分散稳定性好	工艺复杂且耗时，不能规模化生产，对环境产生污染

污染物类型	污染物成分	平衡时间/min	吸附量/ （mg·g^-1）
重金属	Cu^［6］	60	32.68
	Mn^［47］		26.78
	Ni^［47］		25.33
	Pb^［48］	360	166.67
	Cd^［48］	100	58.48
染料	亚甲基蓝^［49］	100	203
	天青红^［49］	100	127
	刚果红^［50］	180	298
	甲基橙^［51］	150	157
抗生素	环丙沙星^［52］	300	66.4
	土霉素^［52］	240	93.72
	炔雌醇^［53］		6.5~9.3
有机	苯甲酸^［54］	140	42.2
氨氮磷酸盐	NH₄^+［55］	180	18
氨氮磷酸盐	P^［56］	1 440	79.6
油类	柴油^［57］		70.6
油类	大豆油^［57］		77.2
硼	B^［36］	240	0.04

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Research progress on preparation of 2D vermiculite nanosheets and their environmental adsorption of pollutants

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