湿法脱硫废水处理技术研究及应用进展

doi:10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2022-0353

Abstract

Abstract:

The source，water quality characteristics and hazards of wet desulfurization wastewater were introduced and the principles，research and application progress of wet desulfurization wastewater treatment technologies such as traditional treatment technology，concentration reduction technology，solidification technology，and resource utilization technology were systematically analyzed.Comparing the advantages and disadvantages of different wet desulfurization wastewater treatment technologies，it was proposed that the chemical precipitation method was mature and widely used，but the effluent had high salt content and heavy metal content and could not be reused，which was likely to cause secondary environmental pollution； advanced treatment technologies such as concentration reduction，solidification，and resource utilization could effectively reduce heavy metal content.organic pollutants，and recover some valuable components，which could meet the requirements of zero discharge of wastewater，but the process was generally immature，and most of them were in the laboratory research stage.In view of some problems such as immature treatment technology，insignificant economic effect and slow industrial application，it was believed that front-end reduction and back-end resource treatment were the main goals of future development of wet desulfurization wastewater treatment technology.

Key words: wet desulfurization, desulfurization wastewater, treatment technology, resource utilization

CLC Number:

X703

JIN Suna, LÜ Ruiliang. Research and application progress of wet flue gas desulfurization wastewater treatment technology[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2023, 55(4): 27-37.

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Table 1

Comparison of technical characteristics of wet desulfurization wastewater treatment"

脱硫技术		去除物及处理效率	优点	缺点	应用现状
传统处理技术	化学沉淀法	悬浮物去除效率高	工艺成熟、运行成本低	氯离子、硒等重金属去除率低	工业广泛应用
浓缩减量技术	正渗透法	分离、浓缩废水中的盐分	能耗低，去除效率高	膜污染、膜堵塞、浓度极差化	部分工业应用
	反渗透法	分离、浓缩废水中的盐分	可适应更低盐质量分数（不大于 3%）的废水	投资费用高、膜易结垢	工业应用较广泛
	电渗析法	氟离子、氯离子去除率较高	能耗低、占地面积小、操作简单、出水水质稳定、适用范围广	膜表面积垢引起的膜性能变差	部分工业应用
	膜蒸馏技术	溶解性有机物、重金属离子去除率较高	设备简单、操作方便、分离纯度高、可利用工业余热	膜污染、膜结垢	部分工业应用
固化技术	烟道蒸发技术	可实现废水零排放	工艺设备简单、运行成本低、增加除尘效率	易造成烟道腐蚀和后续设备结垢堵塞	部分工业应用
	蒸发结晶技术	可实现废水零排放	处理效率高，可回收硫酸盐	投资成本及运行费用高	未工业应用
	喷雾干燥技术	可实现废水零排放	生产效率高、产品纯度高、运行操作方便	能耗大、生产运行成本高	部分工业应用
资源化利用技术	膜分离技术	可实现废水零排放	可实现废水盐回收	膜易结垢	部分工业应用
资源化利用技术	电解法	氯离子去除率高	可实现脱硫废水资源化利用	电解过程不可控因素较多	部分工业应用
其他技术	生物处理法	硒、汞等重金属去除率较高	消耗少、效率高、成本低	可能形成有毒的副产物，如有机汞	部分工业应用
其他技术	混合零价铁技术	硒、汞等重金属去除率较高	处理效率高、运行费用低	二次污染尚不清晰	实验室研究阶段

Table 1

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Research and application progress of wet flue gas desulfurization wastewater treatment technology

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