磷酸分解磷矿过程中金属元素的浸出规律研究

doi:10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2021-0175

Abstract

Abstract:

By using phosphoric acid to decompose phosphate rock,the influence of key acid hydrolysis process parameters on the leaching of phosphorus,Fe,Al,Mg,Pb,and As was explored and it was analyzed from the perspective of thermodynamics. The results showed that the leaching rate of phosphorus,Fe,Al and Mg in phosphate rock increased with the increase of phosphoric acid concentration,reaction temperature,reaction time and liquid-solid ratio,and the effect of stirring speed was not obvious;The leaching rate of Pb increased with the increase of phosphoric acid concentration,reaction temperature and liquid-solid ratio,and the effect of stirring speed and reaction time was not obvious;As the increase of reaction temperature,the leaching rate of As firstly increased and then decreased,and slightly decreased with the increase of reaction time,the influence of phosphoric acid concentration,stirring speed and liquid-solid ratio was not obvious.Under the conditions of controlling phosphoric acid concentration of 30%P₂O₅,reaction temperature of 80 ℃,stirring speed of 300 r/min,reaction time of 150 min,and liquid-solid mass ratio of 10∶1,the leaching rates of phosphorus,Fe,Al,Mg,Pb,and as were 98.65%,68.56%,48.54%,95.84%,32.85%,and 84.62%,respectively.Thermodynamic analysis showed that the leaching rate of Mg and As in the phosphate rock was higher,and the leaching rate of Pb was lower,and the leaching rate of Fe and Al was mainly determined by the content of limonite and kaolin in the phosphate rock.

Key words: phosphoric acid, phosphate rock, metal element, leaching rate, thermodynamics

CLC Number:

TQ126.3

LIANG Chengbo,XIE Tian,YANG Lin,HE Bingbing. Study on leaching law of metal elements in process of decomposing phosphate rock by phosphoric acid[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2021, 53(11): 49-54.

Figures/Tables 9

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References 13

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序号	反应方程
A-1	Fe₂O₃+6H⁺=2Fe³⁺+3H₂O
A-2	Fe₂O₃+6H₃PO₄=2Fe³⁺+6H₂PO₄^-+3H₂O
A-3	Al₂O₃+6H⁺=2Al³⁺+3H₂O
A-4	Al₂O₃+6H₄PO₄=2Al³⁺+6H₂PO₄^-+3H₂O
A-5	CaMg（CO₃）₂+4H⁺=Mg²⁺+Ca²⁺+2CO₂（g）+2H₂O
A-6	CaMg（CO₃）₂+4H₃PO₄=Mg²⁺+Ca²⁺+4H₂PO₄^-+2CO₂ （g）+2H₂O
A-7	FeAsS+3.25O₂（g）+1.5H₂O=2Fe²⁺+H₃AsO₄+6SO₄^2-
A-8	FeAsS+13Fe³⁺+8H₂O=14Fe²⁺+H₃AsO₄+SO₄^2-+13H⁺
A-9	FeAsS+11Fe³⁺+7H₂O=12Fe²⁺+H₃AsO₃+SO₄^2-+11H⁺
A-10	FeAsS+2.75O₂（g）+1.5H₂O=Fe²⁺+H₃AO₃+SO₄^2-
A-11	Fe³⁺+PO₄^3-=FePO₄（s）
A-12	Fe³⁺+H₃AsO₄=FeAsO₄（s）+3H⁺
A-13	Al³⁺+PO₄^3-=AlPO₄（s）
A-14	Al³⁺+H₃AsO₄=AlAsO₄（s）+3H⁺
A-15	3Mg²⁺+2PO₄^3-=Mg₃（PO₄）₂（s）
A-16	3Pb²⁺+2PO₄^3-=Pb₃（PO₃）₂（s）

序号	ΔG				log K
序号	40 ℃	60 ℃	80 ℃	100 ℃	40 ℃	60 ℃	80 ℃	100 ℃
A-1	1.75	10.40	19.13	27.88	-0.29	-1.64	-2.83	-3.90
A-2	-105.75	-89.02	-70.41	-50.49	17.64	13.96	10.42	7.07
A-3	-105.51	-95.57	-85.56	-75.46	17.60	14.99	12.66	10.56
A-4	-213.00	-195.02	-175.10	-153.83	35.53	30.58	25.90	21.54
A-5	-110.95	-115.36	-119.81	-124.26	18.51	18.09	17.72	17.40
A-6	-182.61	-181.66	-179.50	-176.51	30.46	28.49	26.55	24.71
A-7	-1 184.29	-1 167.67	-1 150.54	-1 132.92	197.56	183.09	170.19	158.60
A-8	-646.01	-678.49	-710.69	-742.69	107.77	106.39	105.13	103.97
A-9	-604.13	-631.18	-657.81	-684.10	100.78	98.97	97.31	95.77
A-10	-1 059.60	-1 045.10	-1 029.99	-1 014.30	176.76	163.88	152.36	142.00
A-11	-148.63	-161.28	-174.50	-188.29	24.79	25.29	25.81	26.36
A-12	6.90	1.67	-3.67	-9.11	-1.15	-0.26	0.54	1.28
A-13	-109.92	-123.68	-138.17	-153.37	18.34	19.39	20.44	21.47
A-14	-79.57	-85.48	-91.53	-97.73	13.27	13.40	13.54	13.68
A-15	-136.98	-159.64	-183.58	-208.77	22.85	25.03	27.16	29.23
A-16	-261.37	-278.18	-296.41	-315.99	43.60	43.62	43.85	44.24

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Study on leaching law of metal elements in process of decomposing phosphate rock by phosphoric acid

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