聚合氯化铝镁锌的合成及混凝性能研究

doi:10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2025-0087

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为拓宽煤矸石的利用途径，实现“以废治废”的目标，以煤矸石为原料，经过高温煅烧、盐酸酸浸、掺杂镁锌、聚合、熟化等步骤，成功合成高分子复合混凝剂聚合氯化铝镁锌（PAMZC）。探究n（Zn）/n（Al）、n（Mg）/n（Al）、聚合pH和聚合时间对PAMZC混凝性能的影响，并采用FT-IR、XRD、SEM和点扫能谱对PAMZC的结构和形貌进行表征。结果表明：在n（Zn）/n（Al）=0.25、n（Mg）/n（Al）=0.15、聚合pH为2.25、聚合时间为4 h时，所合成的PAMZC混凝性能最佳，混凝后出水的浊度降至0.97 NTU，浊度和总磷的去除率分别达到99.18%和88.85%。FT-IR和XRD结果表明锌、镁和铝发生聚合反应，生成聚合度较高的高分子聚合物；SEM结果表明PAMZC结构单元表面凹凸不平，形成错综复杂的孔隙，吸附位点增多，这有利于增强PAMZC的混凝性能。PAMZC在浊度和总磷的去除方面表现良好，效果明显优于市售PAC，有望成为一种高效的除磷剂。

关键词: 煤矸石, 聚合氯化铝镁锌, 浊度, 总磷, 混凝剂

Abstract:

In order to explore more utilization approaches of coal gangue and achieve the goal of “treating waste with waste”，in this study，coal gangue was taken as raw material to successfully synthesize the high-molecular composite coagulant，polyaluminium magnesium zinc chloride（PAMZC），through a series of steps，including high-temperature calcination，hydrochloric acid leaching，doping with magnesium and zinc elements，polymerization，and aging.The effects of n（Zn）/n（Al），n（Mg）/n（Al），polymerization pH value and polymerization time on the coagulation performance of PAMZC were explored.FT-IR，XRD，SEM and point-scan spectroscopy were used to characterize the structure and morphology of PAMZC.The results showed that when n（Zn）/n（Al） was 0.25，n（Mg）/n（Al） was 0.15，polymerization pH value was 2.25 and the polymerization time was 4 h，PAMZC had the best coagulation performance.The turbidity of the effluent after coagulation was decreased to 0.97 NTU，and the removal rates of turbidity and total phosphorus reached 99.18% and 88.85%，respectively.FT-IR and XRD indicated that a polymerization reaction occurred among zinc，magnesium and aluminum elements，resulting in the formation of high-molecular polymers with a relatively high degree of polymerization.The SEM results showed that the surface of the structural units of PAMZC was uneven，with intricate pores formed，increasing the number of adsorption vacancies，which was beneficial for enhancing the coagulation performance.PAMZC performed well in the removal of turbidity and total phosphorus，and its effect was significantly better than that of the commercially available PAC.Therefore，PAMZC was also regarded as an efficient phosphorus removal agent.

Key words: coal gangue, polyaluminium magnesium zinc chloride, turbidity, total phosphorus, coagulant

中图分类号:

TQ085.412

刘国恒, 武燕妮, 张鹏, 杨甜, 董珊珊, 樊亚丽. 聚合氯化铝镁锌的合成及混凝性能研究[J]. 无机盐工业, 2026, 58(2): 53-59.

LIU Guoheng, WU Yanni, ZHANG Peng, YANG Tian, DONG Shanshan, FAN Yali. Study on synthesis of polyaluminum magnesium zinc chloride and its coagulation performance[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2026, 58(2): 53-59.

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