低温锂离子电池石墨负极材料的缺陷、改性策略与展望

doi:10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2024-0489

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着新能源行业的快速崛起，锂离子电池在各个领域的应用持续激增。然而，石墨负极的商用锂离子电池的高性能只能在0 ℃以上实现，这限制了电池在低温寒冷地区的应用。为了满足锂离子电池的低温应用需求，通过分析石墨低温环境的受限因素，探究其机理并深入了解导致锂离子电池低温性能差的关键因素。重点介绍了提高低温性能的可行性策略和解决方案，从结构设计、形貌控制、表面与界面修饰、多相材料等方面综述了低温负极材料工程化的最新进展。最后，对低温石墨负极材料领域有待解决的问题进行了讨论。旨在为开发具有优异低温电化学性能的下一代LIBs提供有价值的见解和指导。

关键词: 锂离子电池, 石墨负极材料, 低温性能, 改性

Abstract:

In recent years，with the rapid rise of the new energy industry，the application of lithium-ion batteries in various fields has continued to surge.However，the high performance of commercial lithium-ion batteries with graphite anodes can only be realized above 0 ℃，which limits the application of the batteries in low-temperature cold regions.In order to meet the demand for low-temperature applications of lithium-ion batteries，the mechanism was explored by analyzing the limiting factors of graphite low-temperature environments，providing insights into the key factors contributing to the poor low-temperature performance of lithium-ion batteries.It was focused on the feasible strategies and solutions to improve the low-temperature performance，and the latest progress in the engineering of low-temperature anode materials was reviewed in terms of structural design，morphology control，surface and interface modification，and multiphase materials.Finally，the problems to be solved in the field of low-temperature graphite anode materials were discussed.It was aimed to provide valuable insights and guidance for the development of next-generation LIBs with excellent low-temperature electrochemical properties.

Key words: lithium-ion battery, graphite anode material, low temperature performance, modification

中图分类号:

TQ131.11

李纾黎, 陈士朋, 张伶俐, 史发年. 低温锂离子电池石墨负极材料的缺陷、改性策略与展望[J]. 无机盐工业, 2025, 57(9): 21-29.

LI Shuli, CHEN Shipeng, ZHANG Lingli, SHI Fanian. Defects，modification strategies and prospects of graphite anode materials for low temperature lithium-ion batteries[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2025, 57(9): 21-29.

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