无机盐工业
主管:中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司
主办:中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司
   中海油炼油化工科学研究院(北京)有限公司
   中国化工学会无机酸碱盐专业委员会
ISSN 1006-4990 CN 12-1069/TQ

无机盐工业 ›› 2025, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (8): 65-73.doi: 10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2024-0441

• 研究与开发 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同温度下察尔汗盐湖卤水元素富集规律研究

王超1(), 孙小虹1,2(), 丁晓姜1,2, 周友连1,2, 王淑丽1,2, 王凡1,2, 刘万平2   

  1. 1.中化地质矿山总局地质研究院,北京 100101
    2.青海盐湖工业股份有限公司,青海格尔木 816000
  • 收稿日期:2024-08-07 出版日期:2025-08-10 发布日期:2024-09-11
  • 通讯作者: 孙小虹(1983— ),女,博士,高级工程师,主要研究方向为盐湖矿产资源勘查及开发利用;E-mail:sxhbei@163.com
  • 作者简介:王超(1994— ),男,硕士,工程师,主要研究方向为盐湖卤水资源开发利用;E-mail:neuwc5211@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    青海省科技计划项目(2021-ZJ-773);中煤总局科技创新项目(ZMKJ-2022-J01-3);化工地质科技项目(ZHDK202201)

Study on enrichment law of elements in brine of Qarhan Salt Lake at different temperatures

WANG Chao1(), SUN Xiaohong1,2(), DING Xiaojiang1,2, ZHOU Youlian1,2, WANG Shuli1,2, WANG Fan1,2, LIU Wanping2   

  1. 1.Geology Institute of China Chemical Geology and Mine Bureau,Beijing 100101,China
    2.Qinghai Salt Lake Industry Co. ,Ltd. ,Golmud 816000,China
  • Received:2024-08-07 Published:2025-08-10 Online:2024-09-11

摘要:

察尔汗盐湖资源丰富,其卤水组分复杂且资源综合利用率有待提升。为系统研究钾、锂、铷、铯等元素的富集规律,本研究基于察尔汗盐湖达布逊区段的气候特征,开展了0 ℃、15 ℃和25 ℃的等温蒸发实验。结果表明,在不同温度条件下卤水结晶过程中呈现相似的结晶序列,其析出顺序依次为石盐(NaCl)、光卤石(KMgCl3·6H2O)和水氯镁石(MgCl2·6H2O),结晶过程中偶伴有少量石膏(CaSO₄·2H₂O)析出。温度对元素富集行为具有显著调控作用,15 ℃和25 ℃条件下主微量元素析出特征较为接近,但在15 ℃时多数元素的结晶效率更优,且同主族元素间存在类质同象现象。卤水中的Cs+和Rb+在25 ℃蒸失率约为68%、Sr2+在15 ℃蒸失率约为65%可获得最佳富集效果;Li+、B2O3、Br-和I-则更适宜在老卤中提取。研究结果从温度调控角度为察尔汗盐湖资源的梯度开发与高值化利用提供了重要科学依据。

关键词: 察尔汗盐湖, 等温蒸发, 卤水, 析晶顺序, 微量元素

Abstract:

Qarhan Salt Lake has abundant resources,but its brine composition is complex and the comprehensive utilization rate of resources needs to be improved.To systematically study the enrichment patterns of elements such as potassium,lithium,rubidium,cesium,etc.,the isothermal evaporation experiments at 0 ℃,15 ℃,and 25 ℃ was conducted based on the climatic characteristics of the Dabson section of the Qarhan Salt Lake.The research results indicated that the crystallization process of brine under different temperature conditions presented a similar crystallization sequence,with the precipitation order being as follows:halite(NaCl),carnallite (KMgCl3·6H2O),and bischofite(MgCl2·6H2O) ,occasionally accompanied by a small amount of gypsum(CaSO₄·2H₂O) precipitation during the crystallization process.Temperature had a significant regulatory effect on the enrichment behavior of elements.The precipitation characteristics of major and trace elements were relatively similar at 15 ℃ and 25 ℃,but the crystallization efficiency of most elements was better at 15 ℃,and there was a phenomenon of homogeneity among elements in the same main group.The best enrichment effect could be achieved by evaporating Cs+ and Rb+ in brine at around 68% at 25 ℃ and Sr2+ at around 65% at 15 ℃.The Li+,B2O3,Br-,and I- were more suitable for extraction in brine.This study provided important scientific basis for the gradient development and high-value utilization of Qarhan Salt Lake resources from the perspective of temperature regulation.

Key words: Qarhan Salt Lake, isothermal evaporation, brine, crystallization sequence, trace element

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