湿法磁选对粉煤灰中铁和重金属元素的分布影响研究

doi:10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2023-0289

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

对煤粉锅炉粉煤灰（FA1灰）和循环流化床锅炉粉煤灰（FA2灰）采用湿法磁选的工艺达到降低其重金属含量的目的。利用扫描电子显微镜、激光粒度仪和X射线衍射仪表征两种粉煤灰在不同磁感应强度和不同磁选溶液浓度条件下磁选前后高磁性和弱磁性部分的形貌、粒度分布和物相分析，同时测定其铁元素和5种重金属元素（Hg、Pb、As、Cr、Cd）的含量变化，发现磁选后两种粉煤灰铁回收率随着磁感应强度增强而逐渐增加，高磁性组中重金属元素含量与弱磁性组有明显差异。结果表明：在磁感应强度为8 000 Gs和磁选溶液浓度为20%（质量分数）时，FA1的铁回收率为71.2%，FA2的铁回收率为47.0%。此时FA1磁选后Pb含量差值为0.2 mg/kg、Cr含量差值为9.2 mg/kg、As含量差值为1.1 mg/kg；FA2磁选后Pb含量差值为18.1 mg/kg、Cr含量差值为25.0 mg/kg、As含量差值为9.1 mg/kg。

关键词: 磁选, 粉煤灰, 重金属元素, 循环流化床

Abstract:

A wet magnetic separation process was used for pulverized coal boiler fly ash（FA1 ash） and circulating fluidized bed boiler fly ash（FA2 ash） to reduce their heavy metal content.Scanning electron microscope，laser particle sizer and X-ray diffractometer were used to characterize the morphology，particle size distribution and physical phase analysis of the highly magnetic and weakly magnetic parts of the two types of fly ash before and after magnetic separation under the conditions of different magnetic induction strengths and different concentrations of magnetic separation solutions，and to determine the changes in the contents of iron and five heavy metal elements（Hg，Pb，As，Cr，Cd）.It was found that the iron recovery rate of the two types of fly ash after magnetic separation was increased gradually with the increase of magnetic induction strength，and the content of heavy metal elements in the high magnetic group was significantly different from that in the weak magnetic group.The results showed that the Fe recovery of FA1 was 71.2% and that of FA2 was 47.0% at the magnetic induction intensity of 8 000 Gs and the magnetic separation solution concentration of 20%.At this time，the difference of Pb content，Cr content and As content after magnetic separation of FA1 was 0.2 mg/kg，9.2 mg/kg and 1.1 mg/kg，respectively.The difference of Pb content，Cr content and As content after magnetic separation of FA2 was 18.1 mg/kg，25.0 mg/kg and 9.1 mg/kg，respectively.

Key words: magnetic separation, fly ash, heavy metal elements, circulating fluidized bed

中图分类号:

TQ138.11

李快, 栗照帅, 董庭轩, 李丹, 郭生伟, 韩凤兰. 湿法磁选对粉煤灰中铁和重金属元素的分布影响研究[J]. 无机盐工业, 2024, 56(4): 98-104.

LI Kuai, LI Zhaoshuai, DONG Tingxuan, LI Dan, GUO Shengwei, HAN Fenglan. Study on effect of wet magnetic separation on distribution of Fe and heavy metal in fly ash[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2024, 56(4): 98-104.

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粉煤灰	主要化学成分质量分数
粉煤灰	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	CaO	Fe₂O₃	MgO	K₂O	Na₂O	其他
FA1	42.36	30.04	4.58	4.26	1.23	0.74	0.65	16.14
FA2	42.31	31.60	3.95	5.24	0.86	0.78	0.27	14.99

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