Abstract: Lanthanum nitrate or terbium nitrate solution as a crystal transformation catalyst was added into 3%~4%（mass fraction of SiO2） globular nano-SiO2 hydrosol.The pH of the silica hydrosol was adjusted at 8.0~8.5 with dilute sodium hydro- xide solution. It was processed for 1~36 h at 70~103 ℃ by hydrothermal method to get a 4.5%~5.5%（mass fraction of SiO2） alkaline rod-shaped nano-SiO2 hydrosol with La（OH）3 or Tb（OH）3 as crystal nucleus of nano-SiO2 particles.It was treated with ion exchange resin and salicylic acid fungicide was added to get acidic rod-shaped nano-SiO2 hydrosol with pH of 1.8~2.5. Coating on the glass sample by pulling or rolling method，a coated glass with uniform and compact film was obtained.It had no cracking and good durability.Rod-shaped nano-SiO2 hydrosol can be used as base composition of anti-reflection，self- cleaning or luminescence conversion coatings of solar batteries.

Key words: nano-SiO2, rod-shaped, SiO2 hydrosol, preparation, coating