煤矸石高温发泡法制备不同主晶相泡沫陶瓷及其性能研究

doi:10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2025-0052

Abstract

Abstract:

The complexity of the composition of coal gangue leads to the difficulty of its high-value utilization.Here，three types of foam ceramics with different main crystalline phases of cordierite，anorthite and mullite were prepared using solid waste coal gangue as the main raw material by adding auxiliary materials and adopting the high temperature foaming method.The effects of Mg，Ca and Na contents in the raw material mixture on the main crystalline phase of the foam ceramics were investigated，and combined with the characterizations results，the effects of the different contents of the main crystalline phase on the properties of the foam ceramics were analyzed，and the potential application of these foam ceramics were analyzed.The results showed that increasing the mass ratio of MgO/SiO₂ in the raw material mixture，the content of cordierite phase in ceramic foam samples was increased，when the open porosity reached 85.7%，the content of cordierite phase was 86.7%，which could be used as sound-absorbing materials.When the mass ratio of CaO/SiO₂ in the raw material mixture reached 0.086，the calcium feldspar phase content was 91.1% and the water absorption rate reached 225.9%，which could be applied in the field of water-absorbing materials.The mullite phase content was mainly related to the mass ratio of Na₂O/SiO₂，when the mass ratio of Na₂O/SiO₂ reached 0.064，the mullite phase content was 90.7%，the compressive strength of the samples was 1.6 MPa，and the closed porosity reached 84.4%，which could be used as wall thermal insulation materials.This study provided reference and guidance for the high-value utilization of coal gangue in different regions.

Key words: ceramic foams, coal gangue, cordierite phase, anorthite phase, mullite phase

CLC Number:

TQ127.2

WANG Yangyang, DU Juan, MENG Fanhui, LI Zhong. Study on preparation and performance of foam ceramics with different main crystals by high temperature gangue foaming method[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2026, 58(3): 96-105.

Figures/Tables 16

Table 1

Fig.1

Table 2

Table 3

Fig.2

Fig.3

Fig.4

Table 4

Fig.5

Fig.6

Fig.7

Table 5

Fig.8

Fig.9

Fig.10

Table 6

References 35

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原料	w（SiO₂）	w（Al₂O₃）	w（Fe₂O₃）	w（K₂O）	w（TiO₂）	w（CaO）	w（Na₂O）	w（MgO）	w（其他）	LOI
煤矸石	36.45	26.81	2.15	0.85	0.95	1.73	0	0	1.56	29.50
硅灰	86.30	0.53	3.76	4.12	0.03	0.88	0	0	2.58	1.80
菱镁矿	21.56	0.00	0.23	0.02	0.00	3.94	0	39.20	0.05	35.00
钠长石	64.57	19.15	0.73	1.47	0.16	1.87	10.12	0.30	0.33	1.30
滑石	55.17	0.66	1.15	0.01	0.04	4.01	0	28.92	0.84	9.20
废玻璃	69.44	1.38	1.05	0.47	0.04	10.09	13.24	3.70	0.59	0.00
白云石	0.01	0.06	0.09	0.01	0.01	38.40	0	19.18	0.58	41.66

样品编号	w（SiO₂）/ %	w（Al₂O₃）/ %	w（Fe₂O₃）/ %	w（K₂O）/ %	w（TiO₂）/ %	w（CaO）/ %	w（Na₂O）/ %	w（MgO）/ %	w（其他）/%	LOI	m（MgO）/m（SiO₂）
C1	52.53	14.97	2.44	1.71	0.54	1.81	0	4.85	1.55	19.60	0.092
C2	49.61	15.49	2.04	1.40	0.50	2.02	1.01	6.84	1.26	19.83	0.137
C3	48.53	16.42	1.89	1.27	0.51	2.07	1.52	6.86	1.15	19.78	0.141
C4	47.12	16.80	1.96	1.24	0.55	2.07	1.01	6.84	1.20	21.21	0.145

样品编号	w （SiO₂）/%	w （Al₂O₃）/%	w （Fe₂O₃）/%	w （K₂O）/%	w （TiO₂）/%	w （CaO）/%	w （Na₂O）/%	w （MgO）/%	w （其他）/%	LOI	m（CaO）/ m（SiO₂）
A1	51.87	17.41	2.03	1.57	0.52	3.84	2.69	1.20	1.27	17.60	0.074
A2	53.20	15.59	2.20	1.65	0.50	4.20	2.34	1.36	1.39	17.57	0.078
A3	52.11	16.52	2.05	1.52	0.51	4.25	2.84	1.37	1.28	17.55	0.081
A4	49.62	17.84	1.97	1.36	0.56	4.29	2.84	1.37	1.21	18.94	0.086

样品编号	w （SiO₂）/%	w （Al₂O₃）/%	w （Fe₂O₃）/%	w （K₂O）/%	w （TiO₂）/%	w （CaO）/%	w （Na₂O）/%	w （MgO）/%	w （其他）/%	LOI	m（Na₂O）/ m（SiO₂）
M1	52.38	17.75	2.24	1.72	0.55	1.65	1.52	2.00	1.57	18.62	0.029
M2	52.99	18.71	2.14	1.59	0.56	1.70	2.02	1.50	1.48	17.31	0.038
M3	51.90	19.64	1.99	1.46	0.57	1.75	2.53	1.52	1.36	17.28	0.048
M4	54.70	18.88	1.85	1.52	0.49	1.77	3.54	1.55	1.24	14.46	0.064

样品编号	开孔率/ %	闭孔率/ %	平均孔径/mm	表观密度/ （g·cm^-3）	吸水率/%	抗压强度/MPa
C4	85.7	0.9	1.99	0.34	118.7	0.7
文献^［32］	64.7			1.29		6.8
A4	65.5	26.6	2.53	0.22	225.9	0.5
文献^［34］	62.0				123.0
M4	6.0	84.4	2.54	0.26	19.1	1.6
GB/T 33500— 2017				0.28	2.0	0.6

National Inorganic Salts Information Center

Inorganic Acid-Base-Salt Committee of CIESC

Study on preparation and performance of foam ceramics with different main crystals by high temperature gangue foaming method

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样品号	w（煤矸石）	w（硅灰）	w（菱镁矿）	w（钠长石）	w（滑石）	w（废玻璃）	w（白云石）
C1	55	30	5		10
C2	50	20	10	10	10
C3	50	15	10	15	10
C4	55	15	10	10	10
A1	50	20		20		5	5
A2	50	25		10		10	5
A3	50	20		15		10	5
A4	55	15		15		10	5
M1	55	25	5	15
M2	55	20		20	5
M3	55	15		25	5
M4	45	15		35	5

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样品号	w（煤矸石）	w（硅灰）	w（菱镁矿）	w（钠长石）	w（滑石）	w（废玻璃）	w（白云石）
C1	55	30	5		10
C2	50	20	10	10	10
C3	50	15	10	15	10
C4	55	15	10	10	10
A1	50	20		20		5	5
A2	50	25		10		10	5
A3	50	20		15		10	5
A4	55	15		15		10	5
M1	55	25	5	15
M2	55	20		20	5
M3	55	15		25	5
M4	45	15		35	5

样品号	w（煤矸石）	w（硅灰）	w（菱镁矿）	w（钠长石）	w（滑石）	w（废玻璃）	w（白云石）
C1	55	30	5		10
C2	50	20	10	10	10
C3	50	15	10	15	10
C4	55	15	10	10	10
A1	50	20		20		5	5
A2	50	25		10		10	5
A3	50	20		15		10	5
A4	55	15		15		10	5
M1	55	25	5	15
M2	55	20		20	5
M3	55	15		25	5
M4	45	15		35	5