脱硫废水蒸发浓缩特性规律研究

doi:10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2024-0531

Abstract

Abstract:

Power plant desulfurization wastewater is characterized by high salinity，high hardness，and complex composition.Due to the unclear laws of salt precipitation and basic physical properties during wastewater evaporation and concentration，it is difficult to achieve precise control of the evaporation and volume reduction treatment process，resulting in severe equipment scaling and low resource utilization.Therefore，based on the thermodynamic phase equilibrium laws of multi-component water-salt systems，the atmospheric evaporation and salt precipitation laws and crystal phase transformation behaviors of two typical types of desulfurization wastewater（chloride and sulfate types） were investigated.The changes in boiling point，concentration ratio，and ion composition of the wastewater under different evaporation rates were explored.The feasibility of guiding the evaporation and salt precipitation process design with thermodynamic phase diagrams was verified through experiments.The order of salt precipitation during evaporation for both types of wastewater was amorphous organic impurities，gypsum（CaSO₄·2H₂O），and sodium chloride.To ensure the separate precipitation of gypsum，the boiling points of the concentrated chloride and sulfate wastewater should be controlled at 106 ℃ and 108 ℃ respectively，with corresponding vaporization rates of over 85%.Additionally，it was found that calcium sulfate precipitated as gypsum（CaSO₄·2H₂O） in the initial stage of evaporation.In a high-temperature hydrothermal environment（>100 ℃），it began to dehydrate and transform into CaSO₄ within 240 minutes，with the transformation being completed in 360 minutes.It clarified the application conditions for the gypsum crystallization anti-scaling technology.The study provided key process parameters for the evaporation and volume reduction treatment of desulfurization wastewater，which had significant practical value for improving the water-saving and energy-saving capabilities of power plants.

Key words: desulfurization wastewater, evaporation concentration characteristics, water-salt system phase diagram, calcium sulfate

CLC Number:

X781

CHEN Haijie, MA Xiaoyue, WEI Xin, SUN Congcong, YU Zikai, YANG Jing, WANG Yanfei. Study on evaporation and concentration characteristics of desulfurization wastewater[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2025, 57(10): 103-110.

Figures/Tables 13

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物料	质量/g	w（CaSO₄）/ %	w（NaCl）/ %	w（TDS）/%
氯化物型废水	1 020.00	0.29	2.51	4.57
汽化量	904.56	—	—	—
湿固相	8.68	34.31	16.82	—
浓缩母液	106.76	0.19	22.17	42.23

水样名称	液相组成/%					耶涅克指数J_i /（mol/100 mol）
水样名称	w（NaCl）	w（MgCl₂）	w（MgSO₄）	w（H₂O）		Mg²⁺	Cl₂^2-	Na₂²⁺	SO₄^2-	H₂O
硫酸盐型废水	1.65	1.61	0.22	96.51		77.47	93.24	22.53	6.76	17 078

物料	质量/g	w（CaSO₄）/%	w（NaCl）/%	w（TDS）/%
硫酸盐型废水	1 028.33	0.32	1.63	4.11
汽化量	892.33	—	—	—
湿固相	5.02	56.35	5.36	—
浓缩母液	130.98	0.20	12.28	31.10

固相	晶面（hkl）	2θ/（°）	峰强/%
CaSO₄ （PDF#45-0157）	100	14.639	100
	110	25.539	22
	200	29.594	71
CaSO₄·2H₂O （PDF#33-0311）	020	11.588	100
	021	20.722	100
	040	23.397	34
	041	29.110	75
NaCl （PDF#05-0628）	200	31.692	100
NaCl （PDF#05-0628）	220	45.449	55

National Inorganic Salts Information Center

Inorganic Acid-Base-Salt Committee of CIESC

Study on evaporation and concentration characteristics of desulfurization wastewater

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