无机盐工业 ›› 2022, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (11): 25-31.doi: 10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2021-0774
收稿日期:
2022-02-08
出版日期:
2022-11-10
发布日期:
2022-11-23
作者简介:
高润(1998— ),女,在读硕士,主要从事固体废弃物资源化及污染治理研究;E-mail:基金资助:
GAO Run(),YIN Jin(
),ZHANG Nan,GAO Ting,LIU Ruiyong
Received:
2022-02-08
Published:
2022-11-10
Online:
2022-11-23
摘要:
中国化工行业废盐总量大、来源广且难处理,研究废盐的资源化利用具有重要意义。综述了化工废盐的来源、分类及性质,列举了当前废盐处理处置政策和所面临的问题。重点讨论了农药、医药、印染、煤化工、环氧树脂等五大废盐高产行业对其产生废盐的相关处置技术和研究进展。提出了依据行业不同进行分类资源化利用,提高有机物去除率和化工反应转化效率,以及实现源头减排和原料回收再利用等处理处置新思路,以期为相关行业废盐资源化利用提供一定的参考。
中图分类号:
高润,殷进,张楠,高婷,刘瑞勇. 化工行业废盐产生现状及资源化利用研究进展[J]. 无机盐工业, 2022, 54(11): 25-31.
GAO Run,YIN Jin,ZHANG Nan,GAO Ting,LIU Ruiyong. Current situation of waste salt generation and research progress on resource utilization in chemical industry[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2022, 54(11): 25-31.
表1
资源化利用技术优缺点对比
资源化 利用技术 | 优点 | 缺点 | |
---|---|---|---|
热 处 理 法 | 高温熔 融法[ | 有效破坏有机组分;无机盐回收组分纯度高 | 熔融盐流动性差,能耗高;国内尚无工程案例 |
热解 法[ | 还原性气氛下进行,不易产生二次污染物;工艺简单,适应性强 | 盐在热解炉表面易粘壁、结垢;设备易被堵塞、腐蚀;废盐前期需进行相应检测且温度要求严苛,一次投资费用较大 | |
洗涤分 离法[ | 易操作,费用低;适用于有毒有害化学物质含量少且成分单一的废盐 | 洗涤水、有机溶剂投加量难控制且易引起二次污染;次生盐渣中有毒有害化学物质的含量不稳定 | |
复分解 法[ | 易操作、成本低 | 有机物去除困难,工艺流程长 | |
氧化法[ | 适用于有机物杂质少、易被氧化的废盐;不会引入新的杂质,不易发生二次污染 | 处理效果与有机物性质相关,通用性差 |
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