无机盐工业
主管:中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司
主办:中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司
   中海油炼油化工科学研究院(北京)有限公司
   中国化工学会无机酸碱盐专业委员会
ISSN 1006-4990 CN 12-1069/TQ

无机盐工业 ›› 2026, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (1): 74-83.doi: 10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2025-0079

• 环境·健康·安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

利用二次铜渣机械化学法还原解毒无钙焙烧铬渣的研究

赵志莹1,2(), 赵晓龙1,2, 陈小红1,2, 杜颖1,2, 杜冬云1,2()   

  1. 1.中南民族大学资源与环境学院,湖北省重金属污染防治工程技术研究中心,湖北 武汉 430074
    2.中南民族大学,催化转化与能源材料化学教育部重点实验室,湖北 武汉 430074
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-19 出版日期:2026-01-10 发布日期:2025-06-30
  • 通讯作者: 杜冬云(1963— ),男,教授,主要研究方向为污染控制化学;E-mail:dydu666@mail.scuec.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:赵志莹(2000— ),女,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为重金属污染控制及固体废弃物资源化利用;E-mail:zhaozhiying8710@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    中国湖北省重大创新项目(2019ACA156)

Study on reductive detoxification of calcium⁃free roasted chromite ore processing residue via mechanochemical activation with secondary copper slag

ZHAO Zhiying1,2(), ZHAO Xiaolong1,2, CHEN Xiaohong1,2, DU Ying1,2, DU Dongyun1,2()   

  1. 1. Hubei Engineering Research Center for Heavy Metal Pollution Prevention and Control,School of Resources and Environment,Central South University for Nationalities,Wuhan 430074,China
    2. Key Laboratory of Catalytic Transformation and Energy Materials Chemistry,Ministry of Education,Central South University for Nationalities,Wuhan 430074,China
  • Received:2025-02-19 Published:2026-01-10 Online:2025-06-30

摘要:

无钙焙烧铬渣(COPR)是铬盐生产过程中产生的典型工业危险废物,具有较高的环境风险。基于“以废治废”理念,提出以二次铜渣(SCS)为还原剂,通过机械化学法对COPR进行协同解毒处理,旨在实现固体废弃物的再利用与环境友好型治理的双重目标。实验优化得到的最佳处理参数为:球磨速率为550 r/min、球料比(BPR)为12.5、球磨时间为120 min、m(SCS)∶m(COPR)为1∶5、98%H2SO4用量为0.12 mL。在此条件下,COPR中总Cr浸出质量浓度由478.16 mg/L降至2.56 mg/L,Cr(Ⅵ)浸出质量浓度由455.35 mg/L降至0.25 mg/L,满足HJ/T 301—2007《铬渣污染治理环境保护技术规范》的标准要求。表征分析表明,机械力破坏COPR的晶体结构和鲕状形貌,减小粒径、增加反应活性位点,从而使包埋的Cr(Ⅵ)得以释放;SCS中Fe(Ⅱ)在酸性环境中被激活,与Cr(Ⅵ)发生还原反应生成Cr(Ⅲ),最终形成稳定的氢氧化物沉淀。该研究创新性地实现以SCS协同还原COPR中Cr(Ⅵ),为COPR的绿色解毒处置与SCS的再利用提供技术支撑和新思路。

关键词: 无钙焙烧铬渣, 机械化学法, 还原, 解毒

Abstract:

Calcium⁃free roasted chromite ore processing residue(COPR) is a typical hazardous industrial waste generated during chromium salt production and poses significant environmental risks.In this study,a mechanochemical approach was proposed based on the “waste⁃to⁃treat⁃waste” concept,using secondary copper slag(SCS) as a reducing agent to achieve the synergistic detoxification of COPR.The aim was to realize both the resource utilization of solid waste and environmentally friendly remediation.The optimal treatment parameters were determined as follows:ball milling speed of 550 r/min,ball⁃to⁃powder ratio of 12.5,milling time of 120 minutes,mass ratio of SCS to COPR of 1∶5,and the dosage of 98% sulfuric acid of 0.12 mL.Under these conditions,the total leaching concentration of Cr in COPR was decreased from 478.16 mg/L to 2.56 mg/L,and Cr(Ⅵ) was decreased from 455.35 mg/L to 0.25 mg/L,meeting the standards specified in the Technical Specification for Chromium Slag Pollution Control(HJ/T 301—2007).The characterization results revealed that mechanical forces disrupted the crystalline structure and oolitic morphology of COPR,reduced particle size,and increased reactive surface sites,thereby facilitating the release of encapsulated Cr(Ⅵ).Meanwhile,Fe(Ⅱ) in SCS was activated under acidic conditions and transferred electrons to Cr(Ⅵ),reducing it to Cr(Ⅲ),which subsequently precipitated as stable hydroxide compounds.This study innovatively demonstrated the feasibility of synergistic Cr(Ⅵ) reduction in COPR using SCS,providing technical support and new insights for the green detoxification and resource utilization of COPR.

Key words: chromite ore processing residue, mechanochemical method, reduction, detoxification

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