杂质离子对冷析结晶硫酸镁形貌影响的规律研究

doi:10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2024-0303

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

冷析结晶是生产结晶硫酸镁的常用方法之一，但得到的硫酸镁晶体往往形貌不规则且表面粗糙，限制了硫酸镁晶体在涂层、复合材料等领域的应用。针对原料卤水中常见离子Li⁺、K⁺、Ca²⁺对结晶硫酸镁微观形貌的影响开展研究，以更好地满足后续应用的需要。根据冷析法提取高纯硫酸镁水合物工艺，在MgSO₄-NaCl共饱和溶液的静置结晶中，对介稳态溶液及结晶产物进行表征。结果表明，降温过程中NaCl会附着在结晶表面影响晶体形貌。杂质离子会提高溶剂共享型离子对（Mg²⁺-H₂O-SO₄^2-）的比例，使其更有利于MgSO₄·6H₂O的生长和析出；不改变降温结晶产物组成的同时，杂质离子会促使晶体表面Na含量降低，优化晶体形貌；当K₂SO₄浓度为300 mmol/L时，产品中Na质量分数可从0.57%降低至0.03%，得到规整的结晶产物。推测杂质离子会与Na⁺竞争位于晶体表面的结晶位点，阻止钠盐成核，并采用分子动力学模拟验证了上述推测。因此，溶液中少量杂质离子的存在有助于获得表面光滑、性质稳定的硫酸镁晶体。

关键词: 硫酸镁, 冷析结晶, 微观形貌, 杂质离子

Abstract:

Cold precipitation crystallization is one of the common methods to produce crystalline magnesium sulfate，but the obtained magnesium sulfate crystals often have irregular morphology and rough surface，which limits the application of magnesium sulfate crystals in the field of coatings and composites.In this paper，the effect of common ions Li⁺、K⁺、Ca²⁺ in raw brine on the micro-morphology of crystallized magnesium sulfate was studied to better meet the needs of subsequent applications.According to the process of extracting high-purity magnesium sulfate hydrate by cold precipitation method，the mesostable solution and crystalline products were characterized in the static crystallization of MgSO₄-NaCl co-saturated solution.The results showed that NaCl was adhered to the crystalline surface during the cooling process affecting the crystal morphology.The impurity ions would increase the ratio of solvent-sharing ion pairs（Mg²⁺-H₂O-SO₄^2-），which was more favorable for the growth and precipitation of MgSO₄·6H₂O.While the composition of the cooling crystallization products was not changed，the impurity ions would contribute to the reduction of Na content on the crystal surface and optimize the crystal morphology.When the content of K₂SO₄ was 300 mmol/L，the Na content of the products could be reduced from 0.57% to 0.03%，and a regular crystalline product was obtained.It was hypothesized that the impurity ions would compete with Na⁺ for the crystallization sites located on the crystal surface，preventing the nucleation of the sodium salt，and molecular dynamics simulations were used to verify the above speculation.Therefore，the presence of a small amount of impurity ions in solution was conducive to to obtain magnesium sulfate crystals with smooth surface and stable properties.

Key words: magnesium sulfate, cold precipitation crystallization, microstructure, impurity ion

中图分类号:

TQ132.2

杨敏航, 徐楷, 成怀刚, 程文婷, 宋慧平. 杂质离子对冷析结晶硫酸镁形貌影响的规律研究[J]. 无机盐工业, 2025, 57(4): 22-30.

YANG Minhang, XU Kai, CHENG Huaigang, CHENG Wenting, SONG Huiping. Regular study on effect of impurity ions in brine on morphology of magnesium sulfate crystallized by halogenation-cold precipitation[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2025, 57(4): 22-30.

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