无机盐工业
主管:中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司
主办:中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司
   中海油炼油化工科学研究院(北京)有限公司
   中国化工学会无机酸碱盐专业委员会
ISSN 1006-4990 CN 12-1069/TQ

无机盐工业 ›› 2024, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (5): 11-19.doi: 10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2023-0446

• 综述与专论 • 上一篇    下一篇

化学吸收法捕集二氧化碳的研究进展

沈海燕1(), 李芳芹1,2(), 任建兴1, 吴江1, 官贞珍1, 潘卫国1,2   

  1. 1.上海电力大学能源与机械工程学院,上海 201306
    2.上海非碳基能源转换与利用研究院,上海 200240
  • 收稿日期:2023-09-07 出版日期:2024-05-10 发布日期:2024-05-15
  • 通讯作者: 李芳芹(1976— ),副教授,硕士生导师,研究方向为清洁煤燃烧技术及污染物控制;E-mail:lifangqin@shiep.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:沈海燕(1997— ),女,硕士,研究方向为碳捕集;E-mail:1825504173@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    上海市科学技术委员会项目(21DZ1207203);上海市科学技术委员会项目(20DZ1205208);上海市IV类高峰学科“能源科学与技术”项目

Research progress on chemical absorption method for capturing carbon dioxide

SHEN Haiyan1(), LI Fangqin1,2(), REN Jianxing1, WU Jiang1, GUAN Zhenzhen1, PAN Weiguo1,2   

  1. 1.College of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 201306, China
    2.Shanghai Non-Carbon Energy Conversion and Utilization Institute, Shanghai 200240, China
  • Received:2023-09-07 Published:2024-05-10 Online:2024-05-15

摘要:

近年来,由于化石燃料的大量燃烧,二氧化碳的排放量剧增,进而引起了一系列生态问题。因此,研究更有效的二氧化碳捕集技术及更高效的二氧化碳吸收剂迫在眉睫。众多学者综合考虑燃烧前捕集、燃烧后捕集和富氧燃烧3种二氧化碳捕集工艺技术后,发现燃烧后捕集工艺技术最适合工业应用。化学吸收法作为燃烧后捕集二氧化碳的一项高效节能、相对成熟的新兴技术,是目前电厂应用最广和最具潜力的捕集技术之一。首先介绍了碳捕集技术的研究现状,然后着重阐述了目前碳捕集技术中备受关注的4种化学吸收剂,即有机胺溶液吸收剂、离子液体吸收剂、氨水溶液吸收剂和新型相变吸收剂,并分别探讨了这4种吸收剂的捕集原理、研究现状、各自的优缺点及改进方向。

关键词: 化学吸收法, CO2捕集, 吸收剂, 氨水溶液, 离子液体, 相变

Abstract:

In recent years,due to the massive burning of fossil fuels,CO2 emissions have increased dramatically,which has caused a series of ecological problems.Therefore,it is urgent to study more effective carbon dioxide capture technologies and more efficient carbon dioxide absorbents.After considering the three carbon dioxide capture process technologies of pre-combustion capture,post-combustion capture and oxygen-enriched combustion,scholars find that the post-combustion capture process technology is the most suitable for industrial applications.As an efficient,energy-saving and relatively mature emerging technology for CO2 capture after combustion,chemical absorption is one of the most widely used and potential capture technologies in power plants.Firstly,the research status of carbon capture technology was introduced,and then four kinds of chemical absorbents that were paid close attention to in the current carbon capture technology were emphatically described,including organic amine solution absorbents,ionic liquid absorbents,ammonia aqueous solution absorbents and new phase change absorbents.The capture principle,research status,advantages and disadvantages of these four absorbents,and the direction of improvement were discussed separately.

Key words: chemical absorption method, carbon dioxide capture, absorbent, ammonia solution, ionic liquid, phase transition

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