无机盐工业
主管:中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司
主办:中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司
   中海油炼油化工科学研究院(北京)有限公司
   中国化工学会无机酸碱盐专业委员会
ISSN 1006-4990 CN 12-1069/TQ

无机盐工业 ›› 2016, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (10): 1-.

• 论文 •    下一篇

二氧化硅气凝胶复合隔热材料研究进展

魏鹏湾1,2,闫共芹1,2,赵冠林1,2,何 菲1,2   

  1. 1.广西科技大学机械工程学院,广西柳州 545006;2.广西科技大学广西汽车零部件与整车技术重点实验室
  • 出版日期:2016-10-10 发布日期:2016-10-08

Research progress of silica aerogel composites for thermal insulation

Wei Pengwan1,2, Yan Gongqin1,2, Zhao Guanlin1,2, He Fei1,2   

  1. 1.School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology,Liuzhou 545006,China;
    2.Guangxi Key Laboratory of Automobile Components and Vehicle Technology,Guangxi University of Science and Technology
  • Online:2016-10-10 Published:2016-10-08

摘要: 二氧化硅气凝胶具有高孔隙率、低热导率等特点,使其成为新型超级隔热材料。然而,二氧化硅气凝胶的柔韧性、整体性差,并且常温干燥制备的气凝胶在高温时热导率迅速上升,这些都大大限制了二氧化硅气凝胶的应用。近些年,通过原位溶胶-凝胶法和模压成型法制备得到的二氧化硅气凝胶复合隔热材料,在一定程度上提高了其韧性、整体性和高温隔热性能,使得二氧化硅气凝胶作为单独块体隔热材料成为可能。本文阐述了二氧化硅气凝胶隔热材料的隔热机理,综述了近年来抗辐射型、纤维增强型和聚合物增强型二氧化硅气凝胶复合隔热材料的研究现状,最后讨论了该领域今后研究趋势。

关键词: 二氧化硅, 气凝胶, 复合隔热材料

Abstract: The silica aerogel has the characteristics of high porosity and low thermal conductivity,which make it a new super thermal insulation material.However,because of its poor flexibility and integrity,and the rapidly increase of thermal conduc- tivity at high temperature when the aerogel is prepared through ambient pressure drying,the applications of silica aerogel are limited. Recently,silica aerogel composites with enhanced flexibility,integrity,and high temperature heat insulation property were prepared by in-situ sol-gel process and molding method.This make it is possible to using those silica aerogel composites as thermal insulating materials.The thermal insulation principles and properties of silica aerogel were illustrated,the research progresses of high temperature radioprotective type silica aerogel composites,fiber-reinforced silica aerogel composites,and polymer-reinforced silica aerogel composites in recent years were reviewed.At last,the future prospect of the silica aerogel composites was also discussed.

Key words: silica, aerogel, composite thermal insulation materials

中图分类号: