无机盐工业
主管:中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司
主办:中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司
   中海油炼油化工科学研究院(北京)有限公司
   中国化工学会无机酸碱盐专业委员会
ISSN 1006-4990 CN 12-1069/TQ

无机盐工业 ›› 2024, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (3): 91-97.doi: 10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2023-0292

• 环境·健康·安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

阳极炭渣催化脱碳制备冰晶石工艺研究

张雅琪1,2(), 陈喜平1,2(), 孙宁宁1,2   

  1. 1.郑州大学材料科学与工程学院, 河南 郑州 450001
    2.绿色选冶与加工国家地方联合工程研究中心, 河南 郑州 450001
  • 收稿日期:2023-05-29 出版日期:2024-03-10 发布日期:2024-03-14
  • 通讯作者: 陈喜平(1971— ),女,教授/博导,研究方向为铝的绿色冶炼与新法炼铝、冶金废弃物资源化利用(铝冶金、稀土冶金)、冶金过程节能(铝冶金、稀土冶金);E-mail:chenxiping@zzu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:张雅琪(1998— ),女,硕士在读,研究方向为电解铝废料的资源化利用;E-mail:920884049@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    郑州大学科研发展基金项目(25124510001)

Study on preparation process of cryolite from anode carbon slag by catalytic decarburization

ZHANG Yaqi1,2(), CHEN Xiping1,2(), SUN Ningning1,2   

  1. 1.School of Material Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China
    2.National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Green Mineral Metallurgy and Processing,Zhengzhou 450001,China
  • Received:2023-05-29 Published:2024-03-10 Online:2024-03-14

摘要:

铝电解阳极炭渣属于危废,但也是价值较高的含氟资源,其冰晶石含量约为70%(质量分数),有较大的回收利用价值。为实现阳极炭渣的资源化增值利用,探究了一步焙烧脱碳回收冰晶石的工艺,通过在阳极炭渣中添加反应助剂进行催化焙烧,考察了焙烧温度、保温时间、药剂配比对炭渣脱碳率的影响,得到实验最优条件:焙烧温度为760 ℃、保温时间为2.5 h、反应助剂添加量为5%(质量分数),该条件下脱碳率达到97.75%。对添加5%反应助剂的炭渣进行差热分析,得到了添加反应助剂催化焙烧阳极炭渣的燃烧规律,随着温度的升高先后发生结晶水的分解、反应助剂的燃烧、炭渣中碳的燃烧及电解质的挥发。所得到的产品中未见明显的碳残留,主要成分为冰晶石且催化焙烧过程中未引入新杂质,回收的冰晶石中铁硅杂质含量低、品质高,可直接返回电解槽循环使用。

关键词: 铝电解, 阳极炭渣, 焙烧, 催化脱碳, 冰晶石

Abstract:

Aluminum anode carbon slag is a hazardous waste,but also a high-value of fluorine resources,the content of cryolite is about 70%,which has greater recycling value.In order to achieve the resource utilization and value-added utilization of anode carbon slag,the one-step roasting decarbonization process for recovering cryolite was explored.The effects of calcination temperature,holding time,and reagent ratio on the decarburization rate of anode carbon slag were investigated by adding reaction additives for catalytic calcination.The obtained optimal experimental conditions were calcination temperature of 760 ℃,holding time of 2.5 h,addition of reaction additives of 5%(mass fraction),and a decarbonization rate of 97.75% under these conditions.Differential thermal analysis was conducted on the carbon slag with reaction additive of 5% and the combustion law of anode carbon slag catalyzed by adding reaction additives was obtained.As the temperature increasing,the decomposition of crystalline water,combustion of reaction additives,combustion of carbon in carbon slag,and volatilization of electrolytes occured successively.There was no obvious carbon residue in the obtained product,and the main component was cryolite.No new impurities were introduced during the catalytic roasting process.The iron and silicon impurities in the recovered cryolite were low in content and of high quality,and could be directly returned to the electrolytic cell for recycling.

Key words: aluminum electrolysis, anode carbon slag, roasting, catalytic decarbonization, cryolite

中图分类号: