Abstract:

Based on the characteristics of heterogeneous catalysis,the research progress of typical regulatory theories and methods in the rational design of heterogeneous catalysis was reviewed.Meanwhile,from the perspectives of electronic effects,geometric effects,interfacial effects and synergetic effects,the relationship between surface structure of active centers and selective hydrogenation performance was reviewed comprehensively,with selective hydrogenation of aromatic nitro compounds and unsaturated aldehydes/ketones as a probe reaction.It was pointed out that selecting suitable supports,synthesizing metal active centers with specific size and morphology,and regulating the strong metal-support interaction were effective ways to regulate the performance of selective hydrogenation catalysts.The adsorption and activation of N=O and C=O could be precisely tuned by optimizing the electronic effect,spatial effect and interface effect of active center resulted from the strong metal-support interaction,which was important to the rational design of efficient selective hydrogenation catalysts.Further optimization of hydrogen activation cracking mode,stability and migration of active hydrogen could inhibit the side reaction of selective hydrogenation.

Key words: noble catalysts, heterogeneous catalysis, selective hydrogenation, rational design