废铅膏回收利用技术及污染分析

doi:10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2021-0502

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着铅酸蓄电池在电子、能源、制造业等领域的广泛应用，由此产生大量的废铅酸蓄电池。废铅膏是废铅酸蓄电池的主要成分，因其含有大量铅化合物，如不合理处置，将会导致环境污染，而且也会造成铅资源浪费。废铅膏的规范处置及资源化利用是当前研究的热点，也是政府亟需解决的工业发展难题。对主流的废铅膏回收技术，包括火法、湿法和湿法+火法联合回收工艺进行总结和技术难点分析，并讨论生产过程主要污染源和污染物产排情况，其中火法熔炼产生的含硫废气、铅尘和废炉渣，湿法电解产生的废弃电解液等均具有环境危害性，需要重点管控。该论述以期为废铅膏资源化利用产业制定管理体系和环保标准提供参考依据。

关键词: 酸性铅蓄电池, 废铅膏, 资源化利用, 污染识别

Abstract:

With the widely use of lead-acid batteries in electronics，energy and manufacturing，a large number of waste lead batteries were produced.Waste lead paste was the main component of waste lead-acid batteries.And it contained a large amount of lead compounds，it would lead to environmental pollution and lead resource wastes，if the waste lead paste had not been effectively disposal.Research on technical standard and recycling and reusing techniques of waste lead paste had been one of the important research areas，and it had been also an industrial development challenge that government needed to solve.The technique bottleneck of current recycling processes of waste lead paste，including pyrometallurgy technique，hydrometallurgy technique，and hydrometallurgy combine with pyrometallurgy technique were summarized and technical difficulties were analyzed，and the mainly pollution sources and emission of pollutant of production process were also discussed.The sulfur-containing exhaust，lead dust and slag from pyrometallurgical smelting process，and waste electrolyte from hydrometallurgical electrolyze process were harmful to environment，which needed to be under key control.This review was expected to provide reference for government to develop management system and environmental standards of waste lead paste recycling.

Key words: lead-acid battery, waste lead paste, recycling and reusing, pollution sources identification

中图分类号:

X705

黄鸿,陈烁娜,韩伟江,刘慧铃,檀笑. 废铅膏回收利用技术及污染分析[J]. 无机盐工业, 2022, 54(7): 35-41.

HUANG Hong,CHEN Shuona,HAN Weijiang,LIU Huiling,TAN Xiao. Recycling technology and contaminants analysis of waste lead paste[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2022, 54(7): 35-41.

图/表 2

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