无机盐工业
主管:中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司
主办:中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司
   中海油炼油化工科学研究院(北京)有限公司
   中国化工学会无机酸碱盐专业委员会
ISSN 1006-4990 CN 12-1069/TQ

无机盐工业 ›› 2020, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (5): 35-39.doi: 10.11962/1006-4990.2019-0378

• 研究与开发 • 上一篇    下一篇

反应萃取法制备熔盐级硝酸钾工艺探讨

苏磊1,张海军2,汪瑾1,于雪峰3,董昌吉3,孙泽1(),宋兴福1,于建国1   

  1. 1.华东理工大学资源(盐湖)过程工程教育部工程中心,上海 200237;
    2.青海盐湖硝酸盐业股份有限公司;
    3.青海盐湖工业股份有限公司
  • 收稿日期:2019-11-16 出版日期:2020-04-10 发布日期:2020-05-21
  • 通讯作者: 孙泽
  • 作者简介:苏磊(1995— )男,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为反应萃取制备硝酸钾。
  • 基金资助:
    青海省应用基础研究项目(2018-ZJ-738);青海省应用基础研究项目(2017-ZJ-727);国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1903803);国家自然科学基金(51774144)

Study on preparation of molten salt grade potassium nitrate by reactive extraction method

Su Lei1,Zhang Haijun2,Wang Jin1,Yu Xuefeng3,Dong Changji3,Sun Ze1(),Song Xingfu1,Yu Jianguo1   

  1. 1.Engineering Research Center of Resources(Salt Lake) Process Engineering,Ministry of Education,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237,China;
    2.Qinghai Salt Lake Nitrate Industry Co.,Ltd.;
    3.Qinghai Salt Lake Industry Co.,Ltd.
  • Received:2019-11-16 Online:2020-04-10 Published:2020-05-21
  • Contact: Sun Ze

摘要:

反应萃取法是一种低成本、高效制备熔盐级硝酸钾的方法。研究了氯化钾和硝酸结晶萃取制备熔盐级硝酸钾的工艺,通过参数优化,得到了实验室条件下最佳的反应结晶条件:HNO3与KCl物质的量比为(1.4~1.5)∶1,冷却结晶温度为5~10 ℃,冷却结晶时间为60 min,并通过重结晶获得了纯度大于99.4%的熔盐级硝酸钾。母液中的硝酸在萃取温度为30 ℃、磷酸三丁酯(TBP)体积分数为30%、油水相比为5∶1时能被磷酸三丁酯TBP和磺化煤油组成的萃取体系有效萃取。

关键词: 硝酸钾, 反应结晶, 溶剂萃取

Abstract:

Reactive extraction method is a low-cost and high-efficiency method for preparing molten salt grade potassium ni-trate.The process of preparing molten salt grade potassium nitrate by potassium chloride and nitric acid was studied.The opti-mal reactive crystallization conditions under laboratory were obtained by parameter optimization.The amount-of substance ra-tio of HNO3 to KCl was about(1.4~1.5)∶1,the cooling crystallization temperature was at 5~10 ℃ and the cooling crystalliza-tion time was 60 min,the molten salt grade potassium nitrate having a purity greater than 99.4% was obtained by recrystalliza-tion.The nitric acid in the mother liquor can be efficiently extracted by the agent consisting of TBP and sulfonated kerosene at an extraction temperature of 30 ℃,the TBP volume fraction of 30% and an O/A ratio of 5∶1.

Key words: potassium nitrate, reactive crystallization, solvent extraction

中图分类号: