Abstract:

Phosphogypsum is a typical solid waste generated from the wet-process phosphoric acid industry.Its safe disposal and high value-added utilization have became critical research directions for the sustainable development of the phosphate chemical industry.Currently，phosphogypsum is primarily used in the production of building materials and supplemented by limited agricultural and chemical applications.However，these routes suffer from low economic efficiency and insufficient consumption capacity.Owing to its chemical reactivity，phosphogypsum can be transformed into functional materials，such as cementitious materials，thermal insulation materials，and adsorbent materials，which offer high value-added and large consumption potential.The current status of traditional phosphogypsum disposal pathways was firstly reviewed.Subsequently，it was focused on the preparation methods and applications of phosphogypsum-based functional materials.Specifically，partial cement was substituted by phosphogypsum-based cementitious materials，in which toxic elements were immobilized through physical encapsulation and chemical reactions.Consequently，these materials were utilized to fill mined-out areas.Phosphogypsum-based thermal insulation materials were characterized by lightweight，thermal insulation，acoustic insulation，and flame-retardant properties.Therefore，broad market prospects were anticipated for these materials.Moreover，phosphogypsum was employed as a low-cost adsorbent for treating wastewater contaminated with heavy metals.In this process，heavy metal ions were effectively removed through adsorption，precipitation，and ion exchange.Compared with conventional utilization pathways，phosphogypsum-based functional materials demonstrated significantly broader application prospects and greater development potential.

Key words: phosphogypsum, comprehensive utilization, cementitious materials, thermal insulation materials, adsorbent materials