直接电解海水制氢阳极和阴极催化剂的研究进展

doi:10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2024-0695

Abstract

Abstract:

Hydrogen energy is considered as a green，low-carbon，and widely used secondary energy source，which is an important component for the national energy system.Compared to the other hydrogen production methods，electrolysis of seawater is deemed as the renewable，sustainable and freshwater-saving technology for large-scale production of high-purity H₂.However，the composition of seawater is complex，especially the concentration of Cl^- in seawater is high，and chloride electro-oxidation reaction will occur in the process of electrolytic seawater，which will compete with the anodic oxygen evolution reaction（OER） and corrode the electrode，thus significantly reducing the efficiency of hydrogen production by seawater splitting.Herein，in this paper，the basic mechanism of the oxygen evolution reaction（OER），chlorine evolution reaction（ClER），and hydrogen evolution reaction（HER） involved in the electrolysis of seawater was reviewed，and the recent reported non-precious metal based electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution and chlorine suppression and HER were summarized and analyzed.The results demonstrated that various strategies，such as designing high activity OER and HER electrocatalysts with lower overpotential，constructing Cl^- barrier layer at the interface of electrode-electrolyte，replacing OER with thermodynamically favorable electro-oxidation reaction，and in-situ rapidly consumption of Cl species，could dramatically improve the efficiency of seawater electrolysis and retard of corrosion.Finally，remaining challenges and outlooks of seawater splitting to generate hydrogen were proposed，which could provide guidance and inspiration to rationally design and fabricate OER and HER electrocatalysts for industrial hydrogen production by seawater splitting in future.

Key words: directly electrolysis of seawater, anode electrocatalysts, cathode electrocatalysts, oxygen evolution and chlorine inhibition, hydrogen evolution

CLC Number:

O646.5

WANG Zehui, LI Enze, QIU Xunzhao, SHANG Wenxin, LI Shasha, FENG Guobin, SHI Caixia. Research progress on anode and cathode electrocatalysts for hydrogen production by directly seawater electrolysis[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2025, 57(8): 1-11.

Figures/Tables 7

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Research progress on anode and cathode electrocatalysts for hydrogen production by directly seawater electrolysis

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