医药废硫酸钠盐燃烧特性及低温炭化除杂研究

doi:10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2020-0604

Abstract

Abstract:

A two-step process of low temperature carbonization and high temperature activation was used to treat typical medical waste salt,and inorganic salt and activated carbon materials were recovered successfully.The organic matter in the waste salt was converted into insoluble residual carbon slag in low temperature carbonization section,which could be separated from inorganic salts by simple dissolution and filtration.Activated carbon material could be obtained by activating residual carbon residue as carbon precursor.The components of waste salt were analyzed by atomic fluorescence spectrometry and gas chroma-tography mass spectrometry.The activation energy of waste salt incineration was calculated by Friedman method and Starink method.The carbonization conditions of waste salt at low temperature were optimized by pipe furnace simulation test.The carbon residues were KOH impregnation method to prepare activated carbon.The results showed that the removal rate of dissolved organic carbon in the waste salt reached 99.98% under the conditions of air atmosphere,350 ℃ and 60 min,and the obtained inorganic salt products met the requirements of GB/T 6009—2014“Industrial anhydrate Sodium Sulfate” class Ⅲ.The adsorption capacity of activated carbon for methylene blue reached 762.86 mg/g.

Key words: pharmaceutical waste salt, thermal treatment, low-temperature carbonization, carbon residues, recovery

CLC Number:

X787

Yang Wenzhen,Xiong Ping,Sun Xiuyun,Han Weiqing. Study on combustion characteristics of waste pharmaceutical Na₂SO₄ and impurity removal by low-temperature carbonization[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2021, 53(9): 76-82.

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References 22

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工业分析（收到基）				元素分析（冷冻干燥基）
w（灰分）	w（挥发分）	w（固定碳）	w（水分）	w（C）	w（H）	w（O）	w（N）	w（S）
79.11	17.78	0.65	2.46	4.13	1.37	45.39	4.25	14.42

保留时间/min	名称	峰面积分数/%	沸点/℃
6.4	二甲基甲酰胺	10.56	153
10.2	氨基甲酸甲酯	6.01	177
10.4	N-甲基甲酰胺	12.14	199
15.5	甲酰基三甲基脲	8.75	—
18.6	2,6-二甲氧基-4-氟嘧啶	8.00	100
18.9	—^①	8.14	—
19.2	1,1-二甲基脲	8.47	163
21.2	1,2-二甲基咪唑烷-2,4,5-三酮	10.58	—
23.2	1,3-二甲基脲	27.36	270

α	Friedman法		Starink法
α	E/（kJ·mol^-1）	R²	E/（kJ·mol^-1）	R²
0.05	94.88	0.962	97.05	0.937
0.10	91.03	0.959	95.10	0.954
0.15	88.08	0.960	93.01	0.959
0.20	87.39	0.964	91.46	0.961
0.25	89.26	0.971	90.63	0.964
0.30	94.25	0.977	91.05	0.967
0.35	102.98	0.979	92.88	0.970
0.40	113.15	0.977	97.21	0.971
0.45	114.92	0.980	102.41	0.971
0.50	111.98	0.979	105.81	0.973
0.55	111.47	0.982	107.58	0.975
0.60	116.51	0.995	109.21	0.981
0.65	136.50	0.995	116.40	0.987
0.70	178.38	0.992	138.10	0.988
0.75	252.99	0.984	205.57	0.983
0.80	601.08	0.635	794.17	0.527
0.85	161.57	0.973	186.79	0.983
0.90	107.92	0.931	143.39	0.978

处理时间/min	DOC含量/（mg·g^-1）	处理时间/min	DOC含量/（mg·g^-1）
30	1.39	90	0.85
45	1.29	120	0.77
60	0.87

	项目		w（Na₂SO₄）/%	w（水分）/%	w（水不溶物）/%	w（钙镁）/%	w（氯）/%
国标	Ⅰ类	优级品	≥99.6	≤0.05	≤0.005	—	≤0.05
	Ⅰ类	一等品	≥99.0	≤0.50	≤0.05	≤0.15	≤0.35
	Ⅱ类	一等品	≥98.0	≤0.80	≤0.10	≤0.30	≤0.70
	Ⅱ类	合格品	≥97.0	≤3.00	≤0.20	≤0.40	≤0.90
	Ⅲ类	一等品	≥95.0	≤3.50	—	≤0.6	≤2.0
	Ⅲ类	合格品	≥93.3	—	—	—	—
回收无机盐			96.57	0.03	未检出	0.21	3.19

National Inorganic Salts Information Center

Inorganic Acid-Base-Salt Committee of CIESC

Study on combustion characteristics of waste pharmaceutical Na₂SO₄ and impurity removal by low-temperature carbonization

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