无机盐工业
主管:中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司
主办:中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司
   中海油炼油化工科学研究院(北京)有限公司
   中国化工学会无机酸碱盐专业委员会
ISSN 1006-4990 CN 12-1069/TQ

无机盐工业 ›› 2025, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (11): 1-9.doi: 10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2025-0040

• 综述与专论 •    下一篇

电石渣改性制备CO2吸附剂的研究进展

武洁1,2(), 武泽文2,3, 王峰2(), 张琦2,3, 唐忠锋3()   

  1. 1.内蒙古电力(集团)有限责任公司内蒙古电力科学研究院分公司,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010020
    2.内蒙古工业大学 能源与动力工程学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010051
    3.中国科学院上海应用物理研究所,上海 201800
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-20 出版日期:2025-11-10 发布日期:2025-08-12
  • 通讯作者: 王峰(1981- ),女,博士,教授,主要研究方向为碳捕集技术、熔盐储热;E-mail:wangfeng@imut.com
    唐忠锋(1976- ),男,博士,研究员,主要研究方向为能源材料化学、碳捕集和熔盐储能等;E-mail:tangzhongfeng@sinap.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:武洁(1986— ),女,博士研究生,高级工程师,主要研究方向为能源与环境保护;E-mail:wujiegongda@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古电力(集团)有限责任公司内蒙古电力科学研究院分公司项目(2023-ZC-1-05);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金资助项目(2023LHMS05001);内蒙古自治区直属高校基本科研业务费项目(JY20240052)

Research progress on modification and preparation of carbide slag based CO2 adsorbents

WU Jie1,2(), WU Zewen2,3, WANG Feng2(), ZHANG Qi2,3, TANG Zhongfeng3()   

  1. 1. Inner Mongolia Power Research Institute Branch,Inner Mongolia Power(Group) Co. ,Ltd. ,Hohhot 010020,China
    2. School of Energy and Power Engineering,Inner Mongolia University of Technology,Hohhot 010051,China
    3. Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201800,China
  • Received:2025-01-20 Published:2025-11-10 Online:2025-08-12

摘要:

利用工业固废电石渣制备CO2吸附剂具有成本低廉、工艺简单、吸附性能佳等优点;但电石渣高温下易板结,显著降低了其对CO2循环吸脱附性能。因此,抑制电石渣在高温下的板结和提高其循环吸脱附性能极具挑战。综述了Al2O3、MgO等金属氧化物的固相无序掺杂、生物质模板法掺杂、有机酸液相掺杂、水蒸气再活化和无机酸再活化等对电石渣的改性效果,探讨了掺杂改性后电石渣微观结构变化对CO2吸脱附性能的影响,揭示不同方法改性后电石渣对CO2吸脱附性能的影响机制。结果表明,采用固相无序掺杂金属氧化物作为金属骨架能有效改善吸附剂的孔隙结构及抗烧结能力,其中钙铝酸盐和MgO的改性效果最佳。采用水蒸气再活化电石渣可以有效重构吸附剂内部坍塌的孔隙结构。未来的研究应聚焦于多种改性手段的协同作用,结合水蒸气再活化技术,进一步提升循环过程能效,为电石渣基CO2吸附剂的性能提升和工业化推广应用提供理论依据,具有重要的学术价值和实际应用前景。

关键词: 固体废弃物, 电石渣, CO2, 吸附, 改性, 掺杂

Abstract:

The preparation of CO2 adsorbents using industrial solid waste carbide slag is associated with advantages such as low cost,simple process,and excellent adsorption performance.However, carbide slag is prone to sintering at high temperatures,which significantly reduces its CO2 cyclic adsorption/desorption performance.Therefore,the inhibition of sintering at high temperatures and the improvement of its cyclic adsorption/desorption performance are significant challenges.The various modification of calcium carbide residue methods,including solid-phase disordered doping with metal oxides such as Al2O3 and MgO,biomass template doping,organic acid liquid-phase doping,steam reactivation,and inorganic acid reactivation were systematicaly summarized.The modification effects of carbide slag microstructure on CO2 adsorption/desorption performance were discussed,and the mechanisms behind the effects of different modification methods on the CO2 adsorption/desorption performance of carbide slag were also revealed.The results indicated that employing solid-phase disorder-doped metal oxides as a skeletal support effectively improved the pore structure and anti-sintering resistance of the adsorbent,with calcium aluminates and MgO exhibiting the most pronounced modification effects.Steam reactivation of carbide slag has been shown to effectively reconstruct the collapsed pore structure inside the adsorbent.Future research should focus on the synergistic effects of multiple modification techniques combined with steam reactivation to further enhance the energy efficiency of the cyclic process,providing a theoretical basis for the performance improvement and industrialization of carbide slag-based CO2 adsorbents.It holds significant academic value and practical application potential.

Key words: solid waste, carbide slag, CO2, absorption, modification, doping

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