模板法制备多孔超疏水SiO2/PDMS海绵及油水分离应用

doi:10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2023-0341

无机盐工业 ›› 2024, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (5): 45-52.doi: 10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2023-0341

模板法制备多孔超疏水SiO₂/PDMS海绵及油水分离应用

刘君仪¹(), 冯庆革¹^,⁴(), 陈考²^,³(), 李想³, 覃方红³, 黄潇潇¹, 冯淋¹

^1.广西大学资源环境与材料学院，广西南宁 530004
^2.广西民族大学材料与环境学院，广西高校环境友好材料及生态修复重点实验室，广西先进结构材料与碳中和重点实验室，广西南宁 530006
^3.广西大学土木建筑工程学院，广西南宁 530004
^4.省部共建特色金属材料与组合结构全寿命安全国家重点实验室，广西南宁 530004

收稿日期:2023-06-25 出版日期:2024-05-10 发布日期:2024-05-15
通讯作者: 冯庆革，男，博士，教授，E-mail：fengqg@gxu.edu.cn。
陈考，男，博士，讲师；E-mail：ck@gxmzu.edu.cn。
作者简介:刘君仪（1999— ），女，在读硕士；E-mail：867392491@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1903201);广西高校环境友好材料及碳中和新技术重点实验室开放课题项目(GXEMNTCN23-3)

Preparation of porous superhydrophobic SiO₂/PDMS sponge by template method and application of oil water separation

LIU Junyi¹(), FENG Qingge¹^,⁴(), CHEN Kao²^,³(), LI Xiang³, QIN Fanghong³, HUANG Xiaoxiao¹, FENG Lin¹

^1.School of Resources，Environment and Materials，Guangxi University，Nanning 530004，China
^2.School of Materials and Environment，Guangxi Minzu University，Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Environmental-friendly Materials and Ecological Remediation，Guangxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials and Carbon Neutralization，Nanning 530006，China
^3.School of Civil Engineering，Guangxi University，Nanning 530004，China
^4.State Key Laboratory for Life cycle Safety of Characteristic Metal Materials and Composite Structures jointly built by the provincial and ministerial departments（Guangxi University），Nanning 530004，China

Received:2023-06-25 Published:2024-05-10 Online:2024-05-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以水玻璃为硅源，采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了超疏水二氧化硅（SiO₂）气凝胶，将超疏水SiO₂气凝胶与聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）均匀混合，并引入蔗糖和葡萄糖作为模板制备了超疏水SiO₂/PDMS海绵。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪（FT-IR）等对其微观形貌和成分进行表征；利用接触角测量仪表征其润湿性能。同时，以油水混合物为模型污染物，研究了SiO₂气凝胶掺量及糖的比例对海绵吸附性能的影响。结果表明：制备的SiO₂/PDMS海绵具有超疏水亲油性，水接触角（WCA）高达152.1°，且在模拟油水吸附实验中具有良好的去除效果；对植物油和泵油的去除率分别为98%和95%，且经过20次的重复油水分离实验后，SiO₂/PDMS海绵的吸附容量和接触角均未发生明显变化，仍具有较好的疏水性能。

关键词: 二氧化硅气凝胶, 聚二甲基硅氧烷, 海绵, 模板法, 油水分离

Abstract:

Superhydrophobic SiO₂ aerogel was prepared by sol-gel method using water glass as silicon source.The superhydrophobic SiO₂ aerogel gel was uniformly mixed with polydimethylsiloxane（PDMS），sucrose and glucose were introduced as templates to prepare superhydrophobic SiO₂/PDMS sponge.The microstructure and composition were characterized by scanning electron microscopy（SEM），X-ray diffraction（XRD），Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FT-IR），etc.Its wetting performance was characterized by contact angle measuring instrument.With oil-water mixture as model pollutant，the effects of SiO₂ aerogel content and sugar proportion on adsorption properties of sponge were studied.The results showed that the SiO₂/PDMS sponge had superhydrophobic and lipophilic properties，with a water contact angle（WCA） of 152.1°.It revealed good removal effect in simulated oil-water adsorption experiments，with removal rate of 98% and 95% for vegetable oil and pump oil，respectively.After oil-water separation experiments repeated for 20 times，adsorption capacity and contact angle of SiO₂ /PDMS sponge did not change significantly，and still showed good hydrophobic performance.

Key words: SiO₂ aerogels, PDMS, sponge, template method, oil-water separation

中图分类号:

TQ424.26

刘君仪, 冯庆革, 陈考, 李想, 覃方红, 黄潇潇, 冯淋. 模板法制备多孔超疏水SiO₂/PDMS海绵及油水分离应用[J]. 无机盐工业, 2024, 56(5): 45-52.

LIU Junyi, FENG Qingge, CHEN Kao, LI Xiang, QIN Fanghong, HUANG Xiaoxiao, FENG Lin. Preparation of porous superhydrophobic SiO₂/PDMS sponge by template method and application of oil water separation[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2024, 56(5): 45-52.

图/表 10

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序号	m（PDMS）/ g	m（SiO₂）/ g	m（蔗糖）/g	m（葡萄糖）/g	孔隙率/%	吸附容量/ （g·g^-1）
1	5.5	0.0	0	0	—	0.99
2	5.5	1.0	0	0	5.28	3.87
3	5.5	1.0	0	30	11.52	5.35
4	5.5	1.0	10	20	15.06	7.84
5	5.5	1.0	15	15	33.70	9.23
6	5.5	1.0	20	10	40.71	10.91
7	5.5	1.0	30	0	27.25	8.73

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模板法制备多孔超疏水SiO₂/PDMS海绵及油水分离应用

Preparation of porous superhydrophobic SiO₂/PDMS sponge by template method and application of oil water separation

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